자유전공 대학생의 인식과 요구에 기반한 제도 개선 방안 탐색

Exploring Institutional Improvement Strategies Based on Undergraduate Students’ Perceptions and Needs in Undeclared Major Programs

본 연구는 자유전공 학생들의 인식과 요구를 파악하기 위해 약 30개 4년제 대학의 자유전공 2학년 이상 재학생 245명을 대상으로 설문조사를 실시하였으며, 수집된 자료는 Borich 요구도, The Locus for Focus, 텍스트 네트워크 분석을 활용하여 분석하였다. 자유전공 학생들은 1:1 상담(29.8%)에 대한 요구가 높았으며, 가장 큰 학업 부담은 졸업 후 진로(40.8%), 가장 어려운 점은 진로 설정(35.1%)으로 응답하였고, 진로역량 교육 요구 1순위는 전공 능력 및 기술(17.1%)로 나타났다. 또한 진로탐색 영역에서는 자신에게 적합한 직업이나 진로 분야에 대한 자신감과 자신의 강점과 약점에 대한 명확한 이해가, 진로자원 영역에서는 진로 관련 프로그램 참여를 독려하기 위한 추가 지원과 진로상담 및 멘토링의 제공이 최우선 과제로 나타났다. 연구 결과를 토대로 자유전공 학생들의 전공선택 지원을 위한 체험 중심 진로교육, 자기이해 기반 진로탐색, 멘토링 지원 체계 구축에 대한 시사점을 제시하였다.

This study examined the perceptions and needs of students admitted through undeclared major programs. A survey was conducted with 245 undergraduate students in their second year or above from approximately 30 four year universities in South Korea. The collected data were analyzed using the Borich needs assessment model, the Locus for Focus model, and text network analysis. The results indicated that students expressed a high demand for individual academic advising(29.8%). The greatest academic burden was concern about career paths after graduation(40.8%), while the greatest difficulty experienced by students was making career decisions(35.1%). In terms of career competency development, the highest priority need was for major related knowledge and skills(17.1%). Furthermore, in the domain of career exploration, students emphasized the importance of developing confidence in identifying suitable career paths and gaining a clear understanding of their strengths and weaknesses. In the domain of career resources, the most critical needs included additional support to encourage participation in career related programs, as well as the provision of career counseling and mentoring. Based on the findings of this study, practical implications were suggested for career education focused on experiential learning, career exploration based on students’ self understanding, and the development of mentoring support systems to support major selection among students in Undeclared Major Programs.