청소년 비행관련 위험요소 및 보호요소의 남녀별 차이분석

본 연구에서는 비행경험이 있는 중고등학생 남녀 881명에게 비행관련 위험요소와 보호요소에 관한 설문을 실시하였다. 분석결과 위험요소에 있어서 여자 비행청소년들은 남자 비행 청소년들에 비해 더 높은 우울과 불안을 보였고, 교육에 대해 더 부정적인 태도와 더 많은 전학횟수를 보고하였다. 반면, 남자 청소년들은 지역사회의 위험요소에서 높은 점수를 보였다. 보호요소에서는 남자들이 긍정적 자아정체감, 사회적 유능감, 학습에 대한 긍정적인 가치와 책임감, 학교에서의 지지에서 높은 점수를, 여자들은 지역사회에서의 보호요소에서 높은 점수를 보였다. 연구 결과와 관련하여 남녀간에 차별된 상담개입 방안수립이 제안되었다.

In the present study, I examined the differences in risk factors and protective factors related to juvenile delinquency between male and female students. Eight hundred and eighty one students from junior high and high school were sampled. The Risk and Protective Questionnaire was developed by the researcher including individual, family, school, and community level in each factor. Results indicated that girls are showing high level of depression and anxiety, negative attitude toward school. Also, they reported more numbers of school transference. On the other hand, boys were shown more vulnerable to the community risk factors. In therms of family risk factors, there was no difference found between boys and girls, which is not consistent to the previous studies. The reason for no significant finding in family risk factors would be that our sample is restricted into students and excluded the adolescent exposed to extreme family risk factors. The results regarding protective factors, boys reported more protective factors significantly higher than girls. Boy indicated higher level of positive self-identity, social competence, and more support in school. Since all the responses were based on self-report, we need care to interpret the results. Limitations related to questionnaire and sampling were discussed. With the limitations of the present study, the finding of clear difference between boys and girls in the risk and protective factors related to juvenile delinquency suggests that the male-focused current intervention and prevention programs for juveniles should be reconsidered to apply to girls.