실험극 연출가들의 공연 공간 활용 스타일에 관한 연구 - 환경연극(Environmental Theatre)의 공간 스타일을 중심으로

In process of theatre production, the issue on the performance space comes to be one of most important themes to consider. It further leads to a serious discussion about the subjects of staging method and the relationship between performer and spectator.<BR> The goal of theatre production can be classified into three directions of , showing the performance` to spectacor in conventional stage aesthetic way, `sharing together an experience` through the performance, and of containing both of the two forms. The first form is based on the fourth wall tradition which cuts the spectator off from the stage. In the second form production, the fourth wall is removed. The third accepts the Environmental Theatre idea which considers the audience as ` scene-maker` as well as , scene-watcher. ` Most of the experimental theatre productions since 1960s display the tendency going with the idea of the Environmental Theatre in staging.<BR> The word performance space means the place where the performer and the audience can stay together simultaneously, or the theatre in a modem sense where both of the stage and the auditorium are equipped. According to structural shape or form, the theatre, also called playhouse, may be classified into more than eight kinds. They are `Arena Stage` developed in ancient Greece, `Circle Stage` of ancient Rome, `Open Stage` popularized in sixteenth century Elizabethan dynasty England, Prosceniumarch Stage made first in 1618 Italy, Thrust Stage, Hybrid Stage, Flexible or Multiple Stage changeable into several forms, and Multi purpose Theatre, etc.<BR> Staging style can be applied in various ways in accordance with the goal of the the theatre production. For the ` showing cord` theatre the staging style of cutting the audience from the stage might be usable. To compare with that it sometimes will be effectual to use the style of seeing the audience as a co-ordinater helping performance activity as well as performer. And the last style accepting both showing and sharing cord in most case makes use of staging idea based on Environmental Theatre concept.<BR> The idea of Environmental Theatre begins from the view point of making no distinction between the audience and the performer. Environmental Theatre artists consider all people within the performance space as a performance environment. Therefore every thing and people become to participate into the performance, and to develop performance action through interaction between them.<BR> Many of experimental theatre directors pursue the primitive performance forms in ancient age which recognize work and play on a same level without separating arts from dailylfe. For this reason it becomes to be necessary to change the staging idea. After all they run to use various kinds of natural places for the performance space, such as auditorium, garage, street, parking lot, city park, mountain ridge, and sea side, etc. For the directors and groups who show the above experimental tendency, there are