Assessing the Systemic Toxicity in Rabbits after Sub Acute Exposure to Ocular Irritant Chemicals

Assessing the Systemic Toxicity in Rabbits after Sub Acute Exposure to Ocular Irritant Chemicals

Eye is a highly vascularised organ. There are chances that a foreign substance can enter the systemic circulationthrough the eye and cause oxidative stress and evoke immune response. Here the eyes of rabbitswere exposed, for a period of 7 days, to 5 known ocular irritants: Cetyl pyridinium chloride (CPC), sodiumsalicylate (SS), imidazole (IMI), acetaminophen (ACT) and nicotinamide (NIC). The eyes were scoredaccording to the draize scoring. Blood collected from the treated rabbit were analyzed for haematologicaland biochemical parameters. After sacrifice, histological analysis of the eye and analysis of pro-inflammatorybiomarkers (IL-1α, IL-1β, IL-8 and TNF-α) in the cornea using ELISA was carried out. Spleen wascollected and the proliferation capacities of spleenocytes were analyzed. Liver and brain were collectedand assessed for oxidative stress. The eye irritation potential of the chemicals was evident from the rednessand swelling of the conjunctiva and cornea. Histopathological analysis and ELISA assay showedsigns of inflammation in the eye. However, the haematological and biochemical parameters showed nochange. Spleenocyte proliferations showed only slight alterations which were not significant. Also oxidativestress in the brain and liver were negligible. In conclusion, chemicals which cause ocular irritation andinflammation did not show any systemic side-effects in the present scenario.

Eye is a highly vascularised organ. There are chances that a foreign substance can enter the systemic circulationthrough the eye and cause oxidative stress and evoke immune response. Here the eyes of rabbitswere exposed, for a period of 7 days, to 5 known ocular irritants: Cetyl pyridinium chloride (CPC), sodiumsalicylate (SS), imidazole (IMI), acetaminophen (ACT) and nicotinamide (NIC). The eyes were scoredaccording to the draize scoring. Blood collected from the treated rabbit were analyzed for haematologicaland biochemical parameters. After sacrifice, histological analysis of the eye and analysis of pro-inflammatorybiomarkers (IL-1α, IL-1β, IL-8 and TNF-α) in the cornea using ELISA was carried out. Spleen wascollected and the proliferation capacities of spleenocytes were analyzed. Liver and brain were collectedand assessed for oxidative stress. The eye irritation potential of the chemicals was evident from the rednessand swelling of the conjunctiva and cornea. Histopathological analysis and ELISA assay showedsigns of inflammation in the eye. However, the haematological and biochemical parameters showed nochange. Spleenocyte proliferations showed only slight alterations which were not significant. Also oxidativestress in the brain and liver were negligible. In conclusion, chemicals which cause ocular irritation andinflammation did not show any systemic side-effects in the present scenario.