Recent developments for antimicrobial applications of graphene-based polymeric composites: A review

Recent developments for antimicrobial applications of graphene-based polymeric composites: A review

Owing to its captivating properties, Graphene-based materials (GMBs) have appeared as a broad-spectrumantimicrobial material and attracting scientists and researchers’ attention. By focusing on the recentadvances in the polymeric nanocomposite’sfield, current study is positioned on the graphene-basedpolymeric composites having antibiofilm and antimicrobial activities to confront the current situations ofmicrobial resistance against antibiotics and other drugs. Furthermore, this review summarizesthe influenceof different factors on the antimicrobial activities of graphene-based polymeric composites like size, shape,number of layers, concentration, dispersibility, and functionalization, and also shed the light on the possiblemode of actions of these materials. Graphene-based polymeric composites exert its antimicrobial action byphysical damages (e.g., direct sharp edges’ contact to cell membranes of bacteria, wrapping of the bacterialcell, phospholipid extraction, and photo-thermal ablation) and chemical damages (e.g. oxidative-stress andcharge transfer). Besides, this review article thoroughly describes the antimicrobial applications ofgraphene-based polymeric composites, which are because of their good biocompatibility and superiorantimicrobial properties such as wound bandages and dressings, antimicrobial coatings, drug delivery, foodpackaging, hydrogel formation, and water disinfection. Present review may stimulate major concerns, spurfurther developments, and provide valuable insight into the promisingfields.

Owing to its captivating properties, Graphene-based materials (GMBs) have appeared as a broad-spectrumantimicrobial material and attracting scientists and researchers’ attention. By focusing on the recentadvances in the polymeric nanocomposite’sfield, current study is positioned on the graphene-basedpolymeric composites having antibiofilm and antimicrobial activities to confront the current situations ofmicrobial resistance against antibiotics and other drugs. Furthermore, this review summarizesthe influenceof different factors on the antimicrobial activities of graphene-based polymeric composites like size, shape,number of layers, concentration, dispersibility, and functionalization, and also shed the light on the possiblemode of actions of these materials. Graphene-based polymeric composites exert its antimicrobial action byphysical damages (e.g., direct sharp edges’ contact to cell membranes of bacteria, wrapping of the bacterialcell, phospholipid extraction, and photo-thermal ablation) and chemical damages (e.g. oxidative-stress andcharge transfer). Besides, this review article thoroughly describes the antimicrobial applications ofgraphene-based polymeric composites, which are because of their good biocompatibility and superiorantimicrobial properties such as wound bandages and dressings, antimicrobial coatings, drug delivery, foodpackaging, hydrogel formation, and water disinfection. Present review may stimulate major concerns, spurfurther developments, and provide valuable insight into the promisingfields.