大数据技术的快速发展不仅影响了个人生活, 也成为了国家战略资源和政府管理的基础性手段, 同时也是企业竞争的重要生产力。但是, 我们也要清楚地认识到：大数据是一把双刃剑, 在为人们的日常生活提供便利、增进社会进步的同时,也对公民的隐私权保护带来了巨大的挑战和风险。大数据技术赋予了隐私权新的内涵和特征。本文通过对传统隐私权和大数据时代隐私权内容、特征上进行比较和界分,总结出大数据背景下的隐私权具有人格权和财产权的双重属性等不同于传统隐私权的特征。通过梳理中国隐私权保护的现状和发展过程, 可以看出, 中国虽然对隐私权的研究和立法相对较晚,但是随着中国经济社会的发展和中国公民对于隐私问题的日益重视, 中国在立法层面进行了积极的回应, 相继出台了≪民法典≫≪个人信息保护法≫等专门法律来保护中国公民的隐私权和个人信息。大数据技术的特殊性,使得侵犯个人隐私权的行为类型更加的多元化、手段更加的隐蔽化,在日常生活中通常表现为：用户个人在互联网上传播他人隐私、互联网经营者侵犯用户隐私权、软硬件设备供应商收集用户隐私和黑客的攻击等方式。同时,大数据背景下公民个人隐私权保护与个人需求、企业需求和政府需求等方面利益的冲突,提出了大数据时代个人隐私权保护存在着以下问题：公民的个人隐私保护意识薄弱；互联网企业缺乏行业制度和行业自律；相关部门监管薄弱,管理理念滞后；大数据时代的个人隐私权保护立法缺乏针对性等。大数据技术背景下的隐私权保护是一场信息不对等的战争, 要通过多方努力, 推动大数据时代隐私权保护的发展和进步。因此, 本文针对以上问题, 从个人层面、行业层面、监管层面、立法层面提出以下对策建议：提高公民隐私保护意识；完善行业制度,加强行业自律；强化监管力度,健全补救机制；细化大数据时代隐私权保护的法律法规等, 以期化解大数据背景下公民隐私权保护困境,加强中国大数据时代对隐私权的进一步保护。
The rapid development of big data technology not only affects personal life, but also becomes the basic means of national strategic resources and government management, but also an important productivity of enterprise competition. However, we should also clearly realize that big data is a double-edged sword. While providing convenience for people"s daily life and promoting social progress, it also brings great challenges and risks to the protection of citizens" privacy. Under the background of big data technology, the right to privacy is endowed with new connotation and characteristics. By comparing and dividing the contents and characteristics of the traditional right to privacy and the right to privacy in the era of big data, this paper summarizes that the right to privacy under the background of big data has the dual attributes of personality right and property right, which are different from the traditional right to privacy. By combing the current situation and development process of China"s privacy protection, we can see that although China"s research and legislation on the right to privacy is relatively late, with the development of China"s economy and society and the increasing attention of Chinese citizens to privacy issues, China has made a positive response at the legislative level, and successively issued special laws such as the civil code and the personal information protection law to protect the privacy and personal information of Chinese citizens. The particularity of big data technology makes the types of violations of personal privacy more diversified and the means more hidden. In daily life, it is usually manifested in the following ways: users" personal dissemination of others" privacy on the Internet, Internet operators" violation of users" privacy, software and hardware equipment suppliers" collection of users" privacy and hacker attacks. At the same time, in the context of big data, the conflict between citizens" personal privacy protection and personal needs, enterprise needs and government needs puts forward the following problems in the protection of personal privacy in the era of big data: Citizens" awareness of personal privacy protection is weak; Internet enterprises lack industry system and industry self-discipline; The supervision of relevant departments is weak and the management concept lags behind; Personal privacy protection legislation in the era of big data is lack of pertinence, etc. Privacy protection in the context of big data technology is a war of unequal information. Efforts should be made to promote the development and progress of privacy protection in the era of big data. Therefore, aiming at the above problems, this paper puts forward the following countermeasures and suggestions from the personal level, industry level, regulatory level and legislative level: improve citizens" awareness of privacy protection; Improve the industry system and strengthen industry self-discipline; Strengthen supervision and improve the remedy mechanism; Refine the laws and regulations on privacy protection in the era of big data, in order to resolve the dilemma of citizens" privacy protection in the context of big data and strengthen the further protection of privacy in the era of big data in China.
(0)
(0)