Critically examined in this article is the previous belief that regarded the “Three Hans were one” notion of Shilla was an ideology that fueled and drove the unification war in the 7th century. Also, reiterated hare are certain points of a theory which argued that such notion only emerged in the 9th century. Shilla maintained a stance that the southern region of Pyeong’yang had been part of the Baekje territory, based upon Baekje’s own perception of its own territory. So, in terms of changes in geographic territories, the war that went on during the 7th century was technically not a war aiming for unification, but a war to claim the territory of Baekje. It should be noted that the Monument of Cheongju Uncheon-dong(청주운천동사적비), which has been cited as the main evidence for the theory that argued the above-mentioned notion was the product of the 7th century, was in fact erected during the Goryeo period. And historical records such as those containing the posthumous title of Taejong(太宗), and Kim Yu-shin(金庾信)’s presentation of his own thoughts, are all records reflecting the memories and viewpoints of later periods. The said notion was actually formed later as a counter-ideology for the crisis created by the insurrection of Kim Heon-chang in the 9th century as well as subsequent division of the country. This notion was reinvited when the Korean peninsula was again divided to feature the so-called Later Three kingdoms, and was finally established as a firm state philosophy for Goryeo, which was able to reunited the peninsula.
이 연구는 신라의 삼한일통의식이 7세기의 이념이었다는 주장을 비판하고 9세기에 비로소 출현했다고 주장한 학설의 주요 내용을 종합 정리한 것이다. 신라는 백제의 영토의식을 준거로 평양 이남이 백제의 고유 영토라는 입장을 견지했다. 영토상으로 7세기 전쟁은 삼국 통일이 아니라 백제 병합인 것이다. 그동안 7세기 설의 주요 근거가 되었던 ‘청주운천동사적비’는 고려에서 만든 것이고, 태종 시호 기사와 김유신 헌의는 모두 후대의 인식이 투영된 것이다. 삼한일통의식은 9세기 김헌창의 난으로 인한 국가 분열의 위기에 대응하기 위한 이념으로 출현하였다. 후삼국 분열 후에는 이를 다시 통합해야 한다는 역사적 당위를 제공하였고, 통일을 달성한 고려의 체제 이념으로 확고한 자리를 잡았다.
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