The purpose of this study is to explore pension system reform proposals that can better cope with the aging society through comparative evaluation of the pension systems of the two countries. The most important problems of the Korea National Pension Service are as follows. The first is the long-term instability of the national pension system. According to the National Pension Service"s Financial Estimation Committee(2018), the premium rate is expected to reach 30-40% if the national pension is operated under the pay-as-you-go system. Secondly, the national pension system, as Korea"s core pension system, has a wide blind spot and is unable to properly respond to the reduction of poverty among the elderly. Third, it is pointed out that the national pension system is backward because, unlike the income tax system, all income groups pay the same insurance premiums at the same rate. Finally, the national pension has a strong redistribution function, but it is not suitable for Korea’s social and cultural environment, and its function is seriously distorted. In Korea, the income of self-employed people has not yet been accurately identified. Like Korea, China has made great efforts to reform the China’s old aged pension system so far. Looking specifically at the problems of China"s old-age pension system, the first problem of the old-age pension system is that only 65% of the total population is covered by the old-age pension system. The second problem of old-age pension for urban and rural residents is that the old-age pension benefits level for urban and rural residents is "extremely" low. One reason for this is the low level of growth in individual accounts paid by the insured. The third problem is the financial problem. The biggest key is how to secure stable finances, and ensure the sustainability of pension system. Of course, this is not only a problem for China, but also for South Korea and other European countries. The fourth problem is delivery system in Old-age Pension System for urban and rural residents. The level of control over the old-age pension system is low, supervision is inadequate, and there is a discrepancy with reality. So far, the problems of Korea"s national pension system and China"s old-aged pension system have been compared and analyzed. As in Korea and China, fiscal sustainability must be further strengthened in order for the pension system to develop. To this end, it is desirable to accept the pension reform strategy recommended by the World Bank.
본 연구는 노후소득보장제도 가운데서 사회보험을 연구대상으로 삼고 있으며, 그 중에서도 한국은 국민연금을 대상으로 하고 있고, 중국은 양로보험을 연구대상으로 하고 있다. 먼저 한국의 국민연금제도와 중국의 양로보험제도의 현황을 살펴보고, 이를 바탕으로 각 제도의 특징과 문제점을 분석하였다. 그리고 양국의 연금제도의 발전을 위한 정책적 시사점을 얻기 위하여 선행연구를 바탕으로 양국 간의 연금제도 비교기준을 설정하고, 이를 중심으로 양국의 연금제도를 비교·평가하였다. 본 연구는 양국 간의 연금제도의 비교평가를 통하여 심화되고 있는 고령화 시대에 원활히 대응할 수 있는 연금제도의 개혁방안을 찾아보고자 하는 데 그 목적이 있다.
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