In order to compare the differences between the eastern and western regions of Shandong Province, China, this study divides Shandong Province into two regions. The eastern region includes five prefecture-level cities and the western region includes 11 prefecture-level cities. The regression analysis model of this study uses the GDP per capita of each prefecture-level cities as the dependent variable. And the explanatory variables include labor force, capital, and foreign direct investment. The proxy variable for labor force is the employed population. The proxy variable for capital is the fixed asset investment amount. The actual foreign direct investment amount in the current year is used for foreign direct investment. The analysis period of this study is set to 1990-2022. The analysis results of this paper can be summarized in three points. First, foreign direct investment has a positive effect on the regional economic development of Shandong Province during the period of 1990-2022. In particular, the influence is relatively large in the eastern region of Shandong Province. Second, the period from 1990 to 2000 is a period of quantitative growth for foreign direct investment in Shandong Province. The regression coefficient of the eastern region is relatively large. This can be interpreted as foreign direct investment having a greater impact on the regional economic development of the eastern region. Third, the period from 2001 to 2022 is a period of qualitative development for foreign direct investment in Shandong Province. The absolute value of the regression coefficient of foreign direct investment in the eastern region of Shandong Province is decreasing. At the same time, the absolute value of the regression coefficient of the western region is increasing. This means that the impact of foreign direct investment on the regional economic development of the western region of Shandong Province is relatively increasing. The analysis results of this study are summarized as follows: There is a difference in the impact of foreign direct investment in the eastern and western regions of Shandong Province. This difference provides important theoretical implications for future regional economic development policies.
因为山东省的东部地区和西部地区的区域经济发展水平存在差异, 而且外商直接投资的规模也存在差异。因此, 为了比较山东省的东部地区和西部地区的差异, 本文将山东省划分为东部地区和西部地区。东部地区包括5个地级市, 西部地区包括11个地级市。本文的回归分析模型的因变量是各地级市的人均GDP, 而自变量包括劳动力, 资本和外商直接投资。劳动力的代理变量是年底就业人数, 资本的代理变量是全社会固定资产投资。外商直接投资变量利用当年实际使用外商直接投资金额。本文的分析期间为1990-2022年, 并且, 为了比较外商直接投资的数量增长时期和质量发展时期的差异, 本文把分析期间分为1990-2000年的数量增长时期和2001-2022年的质量发展时期。本文的分析结果可以概括以下三点。第一, 在1990-2022年期间, 外商直接投资对山东省的区域经济发展具有正向作用, 尤其是在山东省的东部地区影响力更加显著。第二, 1990-2000年是山东省的外商直接投资的数量增长阶段。东部地区的回归系数相对地高, 外商直接投资对区域经济发展的推动作用非常显著。而山东省的西部地区也开始出现积极影响, 但相对较弱。第三, 2001- 2022年是山东省的外商直接投资的质量发展阶段。这一阶段的外商直接投资的总体影响减弱, 山东省的东部地区的回归系数呈现下降, 而山东省的西部地区的吸引力增强, 外商直接投资成为山东省的西部地区的区域经济发展的重要推动力。总之, 本文的研究表明山东省的东西部地区在FDI影响上存在显著差异。这一差异为未来区域经济发展的政策的制定提供了重要的参考意义。
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