Synthesis of Itraconazole and Diosgenin Encapsulated Niosomes and Analysis of Anti-cancer Activity in Human Colorectal Cancer Cell Lines (HCT–116)

Synthesis of Itraconazole and Diosgenin Encapsulated Niosomes and Analysis of Anti-cancer Activity in Human Colorectal Cancer Cell Lines (HCT–116)

Human Colon Cancer is the third most common cancer worldwide accounting for about 10% of all cancer cases and the second leading cause of cancer deaths. Niosomes are utilized for targeted drug delivery to specific sites to achieve desired therapeutic effects with minimal side effects. Itraconazole and Diosgenin were selected as potential compounds in silico analysis of pharmacokinetic properties. Itraconazole is an antifungal medication used to treat various fungal infections. Diosgenin is a naturally occurring steroid saponin in various plants. Each of the compound loaded Niosomes were prepared using non-ionic surfactants and cholesterol along with the respective compound and the method used for preparation included thin film hydration using rotary evaporator and followed by sonication. The dynamic light scattering showed an average size of 343.8 nm for Itraconazole loaded niosomes and 194.3 nm for Diosgenin encapsulated niosomes. The encapsulation efficiency was shown to be 72.4% and 69% for Itraconazole and Diosgenin respectively for their niosomes. Cytotoxicity studies were performed and MTT Assay revealed an IC50 value indicated 53.84 µM and 45.8 µM for the compounds Itraconazole and Diosgenin and 36.58 µM and 59.58 µM for the respective loaded niosomes when administered in HCT116 colorectal cancer cell lines.

Human Colon Cancer is the third most common cancer worldwide accounting for about 10% of all cancer cases and the second leading cause of cancer deaths. Niosomes are utilized for targeted drug delivery to specific sites to achieve desired therapeutic effects with minimal side effects. Itraconazole and Diosgenin were selected as potential compounds in silico analysis of pharmacokinetic properties. Itraconazole is an antifungal medication used to treat various fungal infections. Diosgenin is a naturally occurring steroid saponin in various plants. Each of the compound loaded Niosomes were prepared using non-ionic surfactants and cholesterol along with the respective compound and the method used for preparation included thin film hydration using rotary evaporator and followed by sonication. The dynamic light scattering showed an average size of 343.8 nm for Itraconazole loaded niosomes and 194.3 nm for Diosgenin encapsulated niosomes. The encapsulation efficiency was shown to be 72.4% and 69% for Itraconazole and Diosgenin respectively for their niosomes. Cytotoxicity studies were performed and MTT Assay revealed an IC50 value indicated 53.84 µM and 45.8 µM for the compounds Itraconazole and Diosgenin and 36.58 µM and 59.58 µM for the respective loaded niosomes when administered in HCT116 colorectal cancer cell lines.