정신과 입원 환자의 직종별 불안 성향에 관한 연구

A Study on the Anxiety Level by Occupation in the Psychiatric Inpatients

The present study was to examine the relationship between psychiatric inpatients’ occuputions and their anxiety level. The sampling subjects were randomly selected by 3 stage probability proportional culster extraction method among psychiatric inpatients who were admitted to the psychiatric clinics and hospitals nationwide. Four hundred and twenty eight subjects including 249 males and 179 females were undergone by questionnaire survey while measurement of anxiety was done by using Zung’s self-rating anxiety scale. Collected data were processed by IBM PC AT computer using SPSS program and statistically analyzed by chi-square test and analysis of variance. 1) It was revealed that these psychiatric inpatients showed relatively higher rates of the unemployed (34.6%), single(43.2%), and divorce(5.1%). 2) Patients with higher classes of occupation such as administrative, managerial or clerical workers show.ed higher rate of divorce. 3) In the occupational distribution of psychiatric disorders, psychotic disorders were more prevalent among high or low occupational classes, neurotic disorders more prevalent among middle occupational classes, while psychoactive substance use disorder more prevalent among farmers and sales workers. 4) Overall the mean anxiety score of the whole subjects is 39.28土 14.67. The mean anxiety score (39.71 ± 14.89) of the pschiatric inpatients with job is higher than that (36.59士 14.20) of the unemployed. 5) In the anxiety tendency according to occupational classification, the unemployed showed less anxiety compared with the employed. Patients with middle occupational classes such as fishing workers and sales workers showed higher levels of the cardiovascular, musculoskeletal, respiratory and skin system anxiety, while patients with higher or lower occupational classes showed lower anxiety. In the relationship between occupational classes and level of anxiety, it showed profiles of inverted V curve. 6) The lower occupational classes such as sales workers showed higher anxiety level, while the higher occupational classes such as clerical workers showed lowest one. Particularly the fishing group exposed in the higher stress situation showed the highest level of anxiety.