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A Study on Neuroleptic-Induced Supersensitivity Psychosis

Chronic antipsychotic treatment can induce tardive dyskinesia and supersensitivity psychosis, and these may be explained by supersensitivity phenomena of the dopamine receptor in the brain. This study was conducted to compare the clinical characteristics between tardive dyskinesia and supersensitivity psychosis in schizophrenia. The subjects of the study were composed of 8 schizophrenics with tardive dyskinesia(TD), 10 schizophrenics with supersensitivity psychosis(SP), and 5 schizophrenics with both syndromes (TD with SP). They all had been treated with antipsychotics. We compared the difference in general and antipsychoti-related characteristics among the three groups. The results are as follows &#8226; 1) In the comparison of general characteristics; There was a significant difference in the number of hospitalizations among the three groups. The number of hospitalizations was most frequent in SP group, and this was followed by TD with SP group(P〈0.05). There was also a significant difference in the length of hospitalization &#8226;&#8226; the longest in SP group and the shortest in TD group. Among the schizophrenic subtypes by Andreason-Olsen’ s criteria, the number of positive schizophrenics were significantly greater in SP and TD with SP group than in TD group(P〈0.05). 2) In the comparison of antipsychotic-related characteristics &#8226; There was a significant difference in the current antipsychotic dose among the three groups. The current antipsychotic dose was highest in SP group and this was followed by TD with SP group(P〈0. 05). The therapeutic response to antipsychotics was significantly better in SP group than in TD group, and the serum prolactin level was significantly higher in SP group than in TD group, and the serum prolactin level was significantly higher in SP group than in TD group(P〈0.05，respectively). 3) Regardless TD, if SP was present, the serum prolactin level was significantly correlated to the current antipsychotic dose(P<〔0.05). 4) But, there was no significant difference in mean age, age of onset, duration, schizophrenic subtype by DSM-III criteria, duration of antipsychotic treatment, prognosis, and antipsychotic potency among the three group.