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Acute Effects of Caffeine Challenge in Schizophrenics

This study was conducted to investigate the acute effects of caffeine in chronic schizophrenia. Eighteen DSM-III diagnosed chronic schizophrenic patients and sixteen healthy subjects were orally administered caffeine, 10mg/kg, in a double blind placebo controlled design after being free of caffeine for a minimum of 2 weeks. The effects of caffeine were assessed by employing Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale, Hamiltion Anxiety Scale, and measures of blood pressure, pulse and plasma caffeine levlel, prior to the challenge and 60 minutes afterwards. The results were as follows I 1) Activation factor(tension, excitement, mannerism and posturing) of BPRS was worsened significantly by caffeine challenge in the schizophrenic patients. 2) Caffeine produced significant increase in somatic anxiet factor score of HAMA in the healthy subjects. 3) There was no significant difference in blood pressure and pulse rate between caffeine and placebo- group except sitting diastolic BP in the healthy subjects, which was higher in experimental group. There findings suggest that caffeine tend to exacerbate symptoms of psychosis but do not increase anxiety in the schizophrenic patients compared with the healthy subjects demonstrated decreased sensitivity to the anxiogenic effects of caffeine.