Suggestion of Teaching and Learning Model based on the Thinking Process in Barbara McClintock s Research

The purpose of this study is to analyze the scientific thinking process that Barbara McClintock found in the process of discovery of transposable elements, and then to design a teaching and learning model applying the thinking process by scientists. For the analysis of thinking process, Giere s theoretical hypothesis evaluation framework was used. As a result of analyzing the history of science, it was found that McClintock studied through the thinking process of empirical abductive method and hypothesis-deductive method. In addition, Barbara McClintock s research achievement analysis showed that the creation of scientific knowledge was made through social consensus process. The designed teaching and learning model was constructed to learn the process of scientific thinking in the history of science. The designed teaching and learning model consisted of five steps: Presentation of data , Involvement of teacher , Present data with different positions , Discussion , and Involvement of teacher . The Presentation of data step is divided into 4 sub steps of Creating questioning points through data , Presentation of cognitive non-equilibrium data , Presentation of good data , and Conclusion through data interpretation . Through this model, students can naturally learn empirical abductive method and hypothesis-deductive method in steps 1 and 2, and learn that science knowledge is achieved through social consensus in stages 3 to 5. Therefore, if this model could be used in the classrooms, it is expected that students can learn not only scientific thinking process but also scientific knowledge creation process.