유치원 아동에 대한 부모의 행동양식

Parental Styles in Relation to Nursery School Children

The purpose of this study is (a) to investigate ideal parental style, (b) to measure parents，perception of their own parental styles in relation to children, (c) to access the level of significance that parents considered about different categories of parental styles, and (d) to determine the characteristic features of parental style according to the gender of the parent and the gender of the child. In this investigation, 358 parents of preschool children who enrolled in 4 nursery schools were served as subjects. The author admistrated “parent s report’, questionnaires which consisted of 48 items, or 16 categories of parental behavior which covered the dom ain of parental styles. In the first, the parent rated how he or she thought the ideal parent would act toward the child (the ideal parenting scale). In the second, the parent was asked to rate how he or she had actually acted toward the child (the real parenting scale). The results were summarized as follows: 1) In ideal parental style, acceptance of child as a person, child centeredness, sensitivity to feeling, and positive involvement among positive or socially desirable categories, and detachment and withdrawal of relationship among negative or socially undesirable categories were appeared to be of most significance. There patterns of results suggest that parental styles on affective dimension were emphasized than those on control-discipline dimension. 2) The studied group of parents perceived their actual parental styles almost the same as their ideal parental styles. These findings were presumably based upon the role satisfaction and self-esteem of the parents orginating from the basic healthy psychological function, which are im portant elements in child’s self»acceptance and in his general personality development. 3) Even though there were some differenes among fatherson, father-daughter, mother-son and mother-daughter relations, they seemed approximately similar in parental style. Therefore the gender of the parent and the child did not significantly affect the parental style. Considering the above results, implications and suggestions for management of emotional disturbance and behavioral problem in childhood and further research efforts were noted.