전반적 발달장애아에 대한 임상적 연구

Clinical Study in Pervasive Developmental Disorders

In order to investigate the clinical characteristics and etiological factor in pervasive developmental disorders, seventy-five patients meeting the criteria of DSM-1 were analyzed using Diagnostic Check List designed by Rimland and EEG tracings. The results are summarized as follows： 1) The male-female ratio was 4: 1 , more prominently in male subjects. 2) In the evaluation of birth order, fifty-nine- (78.7%) were first-born, fourteen (18.1%) were second-born, and two (2.1%) were thirdborn. 3) In birth weight at birth, only five (6.1%) patients showed low birth weight (under 2. 5kg) 4) Twenty-four (32%) cases of the sample havesuffered from convulsive disorder. 5) In EEG tracings, forty-six patients underwent EEG recordings. Among them, twenty-one (45.1%) had abnormal EEG recordings, and the major abnormal findings were focal slow ing, paroxysmal spike and wave, focal spike and slowing plus focal spike. In family history, it was noted that the parents and siblings of the pervasive developmental disorders were free from pervasive developmental disorders. Fifty-eight (77.3%) did not show any attachment behaviour during infancy toward their primary care taker, (mainly mother) Seven (9.396) showed showed delay in gross motor development. Sixty-three (84%) revealed abnormal response to auditory stimuli either in the form of selective response or exaggerated response. 10) Fifty-three (70.6%) showed increased memory function, mainly in the form of rote memory. From these findings, I can suggest that organic dysfunction of the central nervous system may play a role in the genesis of pervasive developmental disorders, and the striking clinical pictures of the pervasive developmental disorders were disturbances in attachment behaviour, perception and cognition. Careful observation of the infancy in attachment behaviour may lead us to early diagnosis of P.D.D., thereby enables us to carry an early treatment