정신과 입원환자에 적용된 심리극

Psychodrama Applied to Psychiatric In-Patients

The author has had the experience of acting as the director of 35 sessions of psychodrama applied to the psychiatric inpatients hospitalized in the EWHA Woman University Hospital and reports the results as follows. The subjects studied were 35 protagonists, 86 auxiliary egos and 312 audiences who were asked to participate in the discussion. Male to female sex ratio of the protagonists and the auxiliary egostogether was 1 to 2. A majority of them were unmarried and in the age of twenties. Seventy four percent of the protagonists and 85 percent of the auxiliary egos had the educational achievement of high school or higher. Diagnostic distributions of the protagonists were 54 percent of neuroses and 37 percent of psychoses and that of the auxiliary egos were 48 percent each of neuroses and psychoses. Seven subgroups of the protagonists could te dis cerned according to the characteristics of the psychodramas: ‘psychᄋtic’,‘dramatic’,‘acting-out’,‘defensive’,‘wishful’，‘affective’ and ‘conflict’groups. The effects attributed to the role playing were enhancement of ‘perception of the environment , emotional expression’，‘desensitization’, self-awareness , and ‘concentration and will power， facilitation of‘role behavior，and ‘insight’, change of the distorted habits’ and ‘alteration of self-image . Responses of the audience were discourses of related opinions in 40 percent, expression of symp athy and encouragement in 29 percent and pointing out psychotic conditions or other psychiatric states in 23percent the latter responses being directed chiefly to the ‘psychotic’，‘dramatic’, ‘acting-out’ and conflict* groups. The ‘psychotic’ group was given, among other responses, the encouragement of dependence on religion in 8 percent and statement of familiar experience in 6 percent.