The Korean translation of the word, psychiatry is Chung- Shin Ui Hak , the medicine of “Chungs hin” (ching-shen).“ching-shen” is a concept which has much more profound meanings than the western concept of psyche. According to Chinese dictionary , ching means the well polished rice and it has also meanings of detailed, deep, clear, sharp, pure, pretty , the best, light, soul and mind. “Huang Chi Nai Ching Suwen ”, an old Chinese medical text defines “ching ” as the source of life. Shen indicating originally deities in heaven has meanings of spirit, mind , virtue and transformatio n . Ultimately , it is regarded as incomprehensible. The word chingshen is found in old Chinese philosophical literatures and poems in which it was used as vital force, spirit, will, endeavour, ideals, mind, and that a subtle mysterious mind. By studying the above mentioned medical text Porkert assumed its meaning to be manifestation of configurative force of life. The concept of ching-shen goes beyond the man ’s psyche. It emerges in to the universe and it nourishes the ten thousend thingsaccording to Chuang Tzu. Lee Toe Kye, a famous Korean Confucian scholar in the Middle Age defined the mind “Shim ” in same way. In the West the spirit (Geist) has lost this metaphysical implication since the introduction of modern psychology as Jung had mentioned earlier. Through technical development and world wide propagation of collective rationalism man became a tiny functional part of th e huge social organization. Individuality was threatened by the mass； movement and collective thought, whether it is concerned with good will or evil intention . Psyche is in danger to lose its numinosity . Under this circumstances the Korean psychia trists should remind the traditional eastern implic a tion of psyche not to apply the concept directly to our present clinical practice and researches,, but to have more respect for the incomprehensible nature in man ’s mind . The task of psychiatry is to understand the secret of psyche either in biological or in psych osocial research. To fulfill this task psychiatrists, need to possess not only the religious passion but： also a humility toward the mysterium of the mind and of the life itself as a microcosm, for which the modern science paved the way.
參 考 文 默