정신분열증 환자의 우울증에 관한 연구

A Study of Depressive Symptoms in Schizophenia

The authors assessed depressive symptoms, their frequency, and characteristics in schizophrenic patients. The subjects were 29 acute and 100 chronic schizophrenics; the acute meaning here 18 months or less in duration of the illness, and the chronic denoting 2 years or more. The authors used the following scales; 1) Clinicians rating scale, Hamilton Depression Scale (HDS), 2) Self report scale, Zung Self-rating Depression Scale (SDS), 3) Self report psychiatric rating scale, Symptom Check List-90 (SCL-90). The results were as follows; 1. The occurrence rate of depression in chronic schizophrenics, defined by 30 or higher scores of HDS was 29.0%, and by 50 or higher scores of SDS was 22.6%. The occurrence rate of depression in acute patients by the same criterion with HDS was 24.4%, and that with SDS 25.0%. 2. In HDS, the depressed schizophrenics showed significantly lower scores at all items except suicide, retardation, agitation, hypochondria, and loss of insight compared with the endogenous depressives. 3. In SDS scores of the depressed schizophrenics, the chronic patients showed higher scores in well being index and in optimism index compared with the acute patients, and with the normal control group. The acute patients showed higher scores in depressed mood index and in somatic symptom index compared with the chronic patients, and with the normal control group. 4. In SCL-90, the depressed chronic schizophrenics showed significantly lower scores at all dimensions except phobic anxiety, paranoia, and psychoticism compared with the endogenous depressives. Their scores in the dimensions of somatization, anxiety, phobic anxiety, and psychoticism were higher compared with the normal control group. Their score of depression was also higher compared to the normal control group, but the statistical significance was 0.05< p<0.01. 5. The variables of age, educational level, duration of illness, and dosage of neuroleptics showed no difference between the depressed and the not-depressed chronic schizophrenics. However, schizophrenics who had history of psychia-| trie hospitalization for 11 times or more were more frequently found in the depressed than in the not-depressed group.