현대 피아노곡에 나타난 혁신적 작곡기법 고찰 및 교수방안 탐색

A Study on Innovative Compositional Techniques of Contemporary Piano Works and an Examination of Instructional Approaches

현대 피아노음악에 대한 문헌정보의 부족으로 피아노 교육에 다양한 양식의 현대악곡이활발히 도입되고 있지 못한 실정이다. 이에 본 연구는 작곡가의 독창적 실험정신이 강하게 탐구된 아방가르드 작품들이 활발히 지도될 수 있도록 광범위한 문헌조사를 통해 예술적·교육적 가치가 높은 중급 수준의 혁신적 작곡기법 레퍼토리를 선정하여 기법별로 교육용악곡 문헌목록을 제공하였다. 본 연구에서 고찰된 혁신적 작곡기법의 유형은 여섯 가지로 다음과 같다: 장치피아노, 인사이드 피아노 기법, 하모닉스, 음군, 우연성음악 및 그래픽 기보법. 각 혁신적 기법별로 한 곡씩 최종 선정하여 각 곡에 사용된 혁신적 기법과 전통적음악요소, 테크닉 요소, 연주시 유의점 및 창의적 건반활동을 포함하는 교수방안을 구안하여 제시하였다.

Contemporary piano compositions have been neglected in piano instruction due to a difficulty in assessing 20th century contemporary teaching literature and lack of understanding of piano teachers on teaching method. Thus, this study investigated a considerable amount of contemporary piano literature employing innovative compositional techniques to introduce compositions of avant garde style to intermediate piano students. The innovative compositional techniques examined in this study were as follows: prepared piano, inside the piano technique, harmonics, tone clusters, aleatoric music, and graphic notation. The purpose of the study is to provide a list of pieces and teaching suggestions, which could be used to introduce innovative compositional techniques. One intermediate-level piano piece for each innovative technique was selected for in-depth analysis and detailed illustration of effective teaching strategies. The teaching suggestions devised for each piece included the following: ① types of innovative compositional technique used in each work; ② analysis of musical features; ③ technical elements regarding pianistic skill; ④ performance considerations; and ⑤ creative keyboard activities. It is hoped that a list of pedagogical piano repertoire and the instructional ideas presented in this paper will assist piano teachers to make a repertoire selection and to gain pedagogical insight for teaching 20th century innovative piano pieces.