One hundred and forty five institutionalized children in two nursery homes in Kwangju city were compared to a control group of one hundred and forty six children living with parents as for their behavior disorders. Age of the children of both groups was 6 years and below. A checklist of 31 items divided into five behavior groups was used. The results were as follows. 1. The most common behavioral pattern found in the study group was ,depression-withdrawal and the least common was overanxiety. On the contrary, for the control group, the most common was hyperactivity and the least common was depression-withdrawal. 2. Mild behavior disorders were significantly more frequent in the control group in all behavior groups except depression-withdrawal. Whereas severe behavior disorders were significantly more frequent in the study group in all behavior groups except hyperactivity. 3. Control subjects tended to be scored low, while study subjects were scored high (severe) and the difference was significant. 4. The most prominent impairments of the depression- withdrawal behaviors were those of speech and language in the study group. 5. The items of aggressive-unsocialized behaviors showing greater frequency of severs degree in the study group were those indicating covert, masochistic and saHistic HeViaviors.
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