Herpes simplex virus type 1 causes an acute necrotizing encephalitis with edema, necrosis, and hemorrhage that selectively affects temporal and frontal lobes. Clinical signs include altered mental states with rapid progression from confussion and disorientation to coma within a few days. Although mortality in herpes simplex encephalitis has probably been reduced in recnet years, the incidence of deficit in survivors is still high. We have recently observed persistent cognitive and behavioral disturbances in a patient during recovery from herpes simplex encephalitis and report the case here with literature review. The findings described in this case seem to be related with the focal nature of encephalitis.
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