전기경련 중격이 뇌내 Biogenic Amine 함량에 미치는 영향

Effects of Electroconvulsive Shock on the Levels of Biogenic Amines and Their Metabolits in Rat Brain

Electroconvulsive therapy has been used in the treatment o f major depression. Its effectiveness is estimated to be superior to that o f tricyclic antidepressants, particulary in severe, delusional endogenous depressions with suicidal ideation. It is reported that electroconvulsive shock(ECS) affects a variety o f putative neurotransmitters ; norepinephrine, dopamine, serotonin, acetylcholine, y-aminobutyric acid and endorphins. Since most studies were performed on whole brain or limited area of brain and measured only specific monoamine, changes in the levels o f biogenic amines in discrete brain regions or difference between the regions might have been masked. The present investigation was undertaken to elucidate the effects of single or repeated ECS on the regional levels of biogenic amines in rat brain and cerebrospinal fluid. The male Sprague-Dawley rats were used. After single or repeated ECS, blocks of tissue were obtained from the frontal cortex, corpus striatum, hippocampus, thalamus, and hypothalamus, immediately after the collection of cerebrospinal fluid from cisterma magna. The concentration of biogenic amines(norepinephrine, dopamine, 50hydroxytryptamine (5-HT)) and their metabolites(3, 4-dihydroxyphenylacetic a cid (D O P A C ), homovamillic acid(H V A ), 5- hydroxyindoleacetic acid(5-HIAA)) were measured by means of high performance liquid chromatography-electrochemical detector( HPLC - ECD ). The results obtained are as follows : 1) In the normal rat, the concentration of norepinephrine was the highest in hypothalamus. Dopamine, DOPAC and HVA were highest in corpus striatum, and 5-HT and 5-HIAA were highest in hypothalamus. Epinephrine was not detectable in any part of the brain tissue nor in cerebrospinal fluid. 2) In single ECS group, the concentration of DOPAC was decreased and that of dopamine was increased in corpus striatum. 5-HIAA was decreased in hypothalamus by single ECS. 3) In case of repeated ECS, the concentration of norepinephrine was decreased in frontal cortex and that of D O P A C was decreased in hypothalamus. 5-HT was increased in striatum. The ratio of 5-HIAA/5-HT was increased in all brain region tested, especially in frontal cortex and hypothalamus by repeated ECS. 4) In cerebrospinal fluid，DOPAC , 5-HIAA and H VA were detectable. While single ECS did not change the concentration of these metabolites, repeated ECS increased DOPAC