Objects : This study was designed to compare with the levels of SIL-2R in schizophrenic patients and normal controls as a evidence of immune activation related to autoimmunity. Methods ： The subjects were 76 patients with schizophrenia diagnosed according to DSMIII- R and they were divide into two groups. 38 chronic schizophrenic patients had been treated with antipsychotic drug for at least 6 months before this study. 40 healthy volunteers who had been worked in PMC(Presbyterian Medical Center) served as a control group. The blood samples were drawn from three groups and their serum were separated from blood and then serum IL-2R concentration were determined by Interleukin-2 receptor ELISA kit. Results : Mean SIL-2R levels were significantly elevated in medicated and unmedicated schizophrenic patients than normal controls(p〈 .0025). But, there was no significant difference in the mean SIL-2R levels for medicated and unmedicated schizophrenic patients. SIL- 2 R levels may be not related to age, gender and duration of illness in schizophrenic patients. Conclusion : These findings add to the weight of evidence suggesting that autoimmunity may play a role in the pathogenesis of some schizophrenics
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