Objects : The authors attempt to compare the mental health states of the elderly between Yanbian and Taegu for investigating the effect of changes in traditional culture on the mental health of the elderly. Methods : Subjects included 647 elderly at Yanbian and 419 elderly at Taegu who were evaluated by CADS (combined anxiety and depression scale). Results : There was significant difference in the CADS scores between the two groups : the elderly at Yanbian scored 37.9士 13.22, the elderly at Taegu scored 44.44士 11.70. The scores of pure depression items were higher than that of the other items in the elderly at Taegu. The scores of decreased libido item were highest in the both group elderly. The subjects over 50 points of CADS scores which mean clinically significant level of anxiety and depression, were 16.2% at Yanbian and 29.1% at Taegu which was significant Results of anxiety and overlapping items were 23.36土 9.00 in the elderly at Yanbian and 25.63 土 7.74 in the elderly at Taegu, whereas depression and overlapping items were 2330± 7.91 in the elderly at Yanbian and 28.52±7.65 in the elderly at Taegu, which was significantly higher in Taegu. Conclusion : These results suggests that changes in traditional culture affects mental health of the elderly significantly, especially alienation and helplessness by changes in culture may increase anxiety and depressive symptoms in the elderly
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