성격요인과 아동기 부모ᅳ자녀결합형태 및 가족환경과의 관련성에 관한 연구

A Study on Relations among Personality Factors, Parent-Child Bonding Patterns and Family Environment in Childhood

Various theories of personality and psychopathology say that early experiences with the parents significantly influence later personality development and psychopathology. However, there has been relatively little research investigating into this relationship. In order to investigate the relations among personality factors, parent-child bonding patterns and family environment in childhood, the authors administered 16 Personality Factor Questionnaire, Parental Bonding Instrument, and questionnaire for demographic data to 398 healthy university students. The results wer summarized as follows : 1) Male subjects show higher scores in imagination(M) and lower in liberalism(Ql) than female subjects. Maternal age at birth of subjects is positively correlated with self-control(Q3) and superego (SUP), and negatively with anxiety (ANX ). 2) Male subjects show higher scores in maternal care than female, and levels of parental education are positively correlated with parental care. The sibling number is negatively correlated with materanl overprotection. 3) Ego Strength(C), superego(G)，self-control(Q3)，superego( SUP) is positively correlated with parental care and negatively correlated with parental overprotection. Surgency(F), shrewdness (N), extraversion (EXT), independence (IND) have similar tendencies. Guilt-proneness(O), anxiety (Q4), anxiety (ANX) is positively correlated with parental overprotection and negatively with parental care. Warmth (A) is correlated with paternal bonding, suspiciousness(L) is correlated with maternal bonding pattern, and self-sufficiency(Q2) in negatively correlated with parental care. 4) Groups classified by parental bonding pattern indicate that optimal bonding group(Group I) is correlated with more positive aspects of personality factors, and the affectionless control (Group IV) is correlated with more negative aspects of personality factors. These results support the hypothesis that early parent-child relationships and family environment influence on later personlity development. Further studies with more controlled design are needed to confirm our results