주요우울장애와 정신분열병 환자에서 우울증상, 설명양식 및 역기능적 태도

Depressive Symptoms, Explanatory Styles and Dysfunctional Attitudes in Patients with Major Depressive Disorder and Schizophrenia

Objectives：This study evaluated the explanatory styles, dysfunctional attitudes and their relationship to depressive symptoms in patients with major depressive disorder and schizophrenia. Methods：Twenty nine patients with major depressive disorder, 35 patients with schizophrenia and 43 normal controls completed the self-rating scales for explanatory styles (Forced Attributional Style Questionnaire, FASQ), dysfunctional attitudes (Dysfunctional Attitudes Scale, DAS), depressive symptom (Beck Depression Inventory, BDI), and hopelessness (Beck Hopelessness Scale, BHS). Results：Patients with major depressive disorder (BDI：27.0±14.30, BHS：8.8±6.59) and those with schizophrenia (BDI：16.1±12.39, BHS：5.6±5.21) had significantly higher BDI and BHS scores than normal control (BDI：5.8±5.53, BHS：2.4±3.61). DAS total scores were significantly higher in patients with major depressive disorder (171.3±22.96) and schizophrenia (161.8±32.96) than normal control (139.9±30.94), but there were no significant differences between patients with major depressive disorder and schizophrenia. Regarding FASQ subscales, the global positive score was significantly higher in patients with major depressive disorder (3.7±1.36) and with schizophrenia (3.4±1.73) than normal control (2.5±1.39). BDI total scores correlated significantly with stable negative and global negative scores of FASQ in major depressive disorder, but only with global negative scores in schizophrenia and normal control. DAS total scores correlated with BDI scores not only in major depressive disorder, but also in schizophrenia and normal controls. Conclusion：The results suggested that dysfunctional attitude is significantly severe not only in patients with major depressive disorder but also in schizophrenic patients compared to normal control. Also, there seems to be a positive correlation between cognitive distortion and depressive symptoms not only in major depressive disorder, but also in schizophrenia. However, this study is not able to clarify their causal relationship. Further study is necessary to clarify the causal relationship between depressive symptoms and cognitive distortion and the cultural effect on cognitive distortion in major depressive disorder and schizophrenia