혈액종양환자의 자아존중감, 불확실성 및 절망감의 관계

Relationships between self-esteem, uncertainty and hopelessness in hemato-oncologic patients

Purpose : to examine the relationships of self-esteem, uncertainty and hopelessness in hemato-oncologic patients in order to provide basic information for the development of preventive interventions. Method : The subjects of the study were 103 patients above 19 years of age, who were diagnosed with hematological malignancy, were aware of their diagnoses, and were admitted in the hemato-oncology unit or visiting the outpatient department at 2 hospitals located in Busan and Ulsan. Data were collected from October 1 to November 10, 2011, by the researcher and a trained research assistant using structured questionnaires. Instruments utilized in this study were Hopelessness Scale developed by Beck(1974) and translated by Won (1986), Self-esteem Scale developed by Rosenberg(1965) and translated by Byung-Jae Jeon (1974), Uncertainty Scale developed by Mishel(1981), translated by Hyang-Sook So (1995) and revised by Yoon-Sun Kim(2008). The data were analyzed using SPSS/PC WIN 17.0 program with frequency, percentage, mean, standard deviation, t-test, ANOVA, Scheffe s test and Person s correlation coefficients. Results : The mean score for the self-esteem was 36.14±5.87 (range of scale: 10-50), for the uncertainty 52.57±12.03(range of scale: 21-105), and for the hopelessness 42.84±14.35 (range of scale: 20-100) among the subjects. The general characteristics that showed significant relationships with self-esteem were age(F=3.423, p=.012), level of education (F=4.574, p=.005), influence of religion(F=4.617, p=.012), perceived economic state(F=8.615, p=.000), and number of admission (F=4.541, p=.005). Perceived economic state(F=6.403, p=.002) and the primary payer of treatment cost(F=4.699, p=.004) were significantly related with uncertainty. Age(F=5.279, p=.001), level of education(F=7.511, p<.001), perceived economic state(F=8.990, p<.001), and number of admission(F=5.227, p=.002) were significantly related with hopelessness among the patients with hematological malignancy. The relationship between self-esteem and uncertainty showed moderate negative correlation(r=-.425, p<.001) and between self-esteem and hopelessness also moderate negative correlation(r=-.662, p<.001). On the other hand, the relationship between uncertainty and hopelessness showed moderate positive correlation(r=.617, p<.001). Conclusion : It is needed to increase the level of self-esteem and thereby to decrease hopelessness and uncertainty among hemato-oncologic patients. Also those interventions need to take into account the variables related to hopelessness.