청소년기는 인간의 발달단계로 보아 심리적, 사회적으로 많은 변화를 경험하는 시기이며, 역할 변화에 따른 갈퉁과 고민을 겪는 과정을 거친다. 때문에 청소년기에 접어들면서 단기간 동안 집을 떠나고 싶은 욕구도 가지게 된다. 즉, 부모로부터의 분리와 개별화의 욕구가 과장되어 표현될 수도 있고 바깥 세계에 있는 기회를 찾고 싶어하기도 한다. 이러한 욕구는 매우 정상적인 욕구로서 오히려 가출경험이 자신의 성장에 긍정적인 가치가 있다고 느끼면 가정에 복귀하게 되며 더 이상 반복적인 가출은 하지 않는 것이 일반적이다. 가출의 원인론에 대한 연구틀은, 청소년기의 부적응행동 요인을 가정과 학교 및 사회적 요인에서 찾고 있다. 그 가운데서 가족은 한 아동이 만나는 최초의 사람들이고 아동의 사회적 받달에 있어 가족관계의 중요성을 전제한다면 가족단위의 구조, 구성요소, 상호영향 등에서 행동이상의 원인을 찾을 수 있다는 것에 동의 할 수 있을 것이다.
This study was a single case in which art therapy had been performed to a thirteen year girl student who went to junior high school. Youmi(an alias) had an experience of running away from home five times because of her parents’ divorce and her father’s drinking habit and intolerable violence. and thus wandering from place to place. Through art therapy. she became to take away the affection toward her mother who left home. and also to have a will to live with her father and younger sister. She resumed to communicate with her father though she was broken off as yet. and then became to have a will to plan for a future. She became to perceive the importance of her house and to have higher self-esteem. compared to the initial stage of art therapy. She took another look at her self reality and got back to attend her school. Youmi's healthy attitude made her father to drink less and to work hard, and then her family including her father and younger sister became to make a new start. These results showed well in the pictures drawn at the course of therapy which was administered 11 sessions for one month. Unlike youmi’s an initial KFD, it showed at her father’s and younger sister's figures looking at coming back to her house from a desert island that she was welcomed with pleasure by her father and younger sister. AIso, after a termination of the therapy, the therapist’ s consultation with her and her father through a telephone or a visit showed that she had been adjusted to her house and school life. However, she was suggested to need a continuous therapy because of her mother's absense and academic problems and so on.
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