표현활동과 탐구활동의 통합적 접근을 위한 질적 연구 (인지 중심 유아미술활동의 현상학적 접근)

A Qualitative Study for the Integrative Approach of Expressive and Exploratory Activity (Phenomenological approach to cognition-centered early childhood artistic activity)

미술에 대한 오랜 편견은 미술이 지적인 것을 요구하지 않는 작업이며， 고작해야 즐거움과 기분전환용으로 적절하다는 믿음이다. 즉 예술은 지적이기 보다는 정서적인 것， 머리보다는 손에 의한 작업， 현실적이고 실용적이기 보다는 상상적인 것으로 취급 해 버리는 것이다. 미술이 지적인 사고가 요구되지 않는 감정적인 것이라는 시각은 미술교육자로 하여금 미술이 정교하고 세련된 사고형태를 요구한다는 사실을 정당화 할 필요성을 느끼게 한다.

There has been a long bias that arts is a kind of activity requiring nothing intellectual and proper at best for pleasure and recreation. It made people think that early childhood artistic activity is good for cultivation of emotion or a means to raise creativity. Such viewpoint results from the lack of recognition of the exploratory(cognitive) function included in the artistic activity and presents the basis of necessity for integrating artistic and exploratory activity. This study investigated the exploratory characteristics implicated in early childhood artistic activity. First, it is summarized as the encounter with qualitative directivity. Any human being is born with the ability to sense the quality of the world. This ability becomes possible by five senses, the perceptive system, and the development of preception can be fostered through the artistic activity. Second, the learning efficiency of the direct experience through artistic activity is excellent. The lively interaction in the course of activity brings about the development of thinking power, interest and learning motivation, and enables the aesthetical experience. Artistic activity is also able to reveal the 'only experience', the most idealistic and perfect experience. This only experience is what 'clarifies' and 'enhances' the aesthetic characteristics and possible through artistic activity. This aesthetic experience becomes an essential factor of learning experience. Lastly, the imagination can enlarge the horizon of the children infinitely. Imagination is a high-level abstractive and conceptual activity that enlarges the spirit of children infinitely and enables realizing any intellectual idea into a concrete behavior. Artistic activity lets the children know the area they have not yet experienced and presents the opportunity to find a new possibility. It also actualizes the thought easy to disappear through the course of creation. Therefore the artistic activity becomes a good tool to explore the