This research about child care (for children under 3 years of age) gas a long history of half a century. Under this study, research trends related to Japan's well-known high quality child care policies are classified under nurture policy, details of nursery, and quality of nurture. The results are as follows. With Japan's economic growth and high demand for child care, the country's child care for children under 3 years old has achieved remarkable development. Socialization of child care issues and its recognition as a political subject began in 1990's. Main causes of these trends can be considered to be birth rate drop phrased as '1.57 Shock', aggravation of child care due to increased number of working women, and finally, creation of a society for realization of gender equality. Looking into details of nursery or quality of nurture, since 1990, details of child care for infants under 6 months were established, and also, child care in day care centers post to maternity leave was implemented, which has lead to expansion of child care for children under 3 years of age.