중년여성의 지각된 생활 스트레스와 자아존중감 및 우울의 관계

Relationship between the perceived life stress, self-esteem and depression in middle-aged women

The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between the perceived life stress, self-esteem and depression. The subjects of this study were composed of 123 middle-aged women who live in Busan. Data were collected from March 30 to May 25，2000. The instruments for this study were : the perceived life stress scale by Yu won sang et al(1994) & Lee Pung Sook(1984), Self-esteem scale developed by Rho Eun Rhe et al(1997), and the depression scale developed by Ahn(1988). In data analysis, SPSS PC+ was utilized and data were analysed using frequency and percentage, mean and standard deviation, t-test, ANOVA , Sheffe s test and Pearson s correlation coefficients. The reliability of tool were tested by Cronbach s a and showed that they were 0.7328(the self-esteem) and 0.8987(the depression) each respectively. The results were as follows: 1) The scores showed a relatively lower perceived life stress in middle-aged women with values of mean and standard deviation of 363.18 and 72.92(the lowest value of .00 and the highest of 1877.38). 2) The scores showed a relatively higher self-esteem in middle-aged women with values of mean and standard deviation of 29.77 and 5.06(the lowest value of 10 and the highest of 40). 3) The scores showed a relatively higher depression in middle-aged women with values of mean and standard deviation of 39.46 and 9.38,(the lowest value of 0 and the highest of 60). 4) There was no statistically significant difference in perceived life stress by demographic related factors. 5) There was only a statistically significant difference in self-esteem by status of health(F= 8.930，p= .000) and economic status(t=4.792, p=.010). 6) There w as a statistically significant difference in depression by age(F=3.770, p=.0261), education(F=4.850, p= .003) and menstruations status (F=13.180，p= .000). 7) There was no statistically significant correlation between the subject s perceived life stress and self-esteem in middle-aged women. (r=- .077, p= .399). 8) There was no significant correlation between the subject s perceived life stress and depression in middle-aged women(r=•010, p= .916). 9) There was a negative statistically significant correlation between the self-esteem and depression in middle-aged women(r=- .359，p= .000). In conclusion, the more the self-esteem was, the lower the depression was. Therefore it is necessary to elevate the self-esteem for reducing depression in middle-aged women.