유아음악교육 프로그램이 유아발달에 미치는 효과에 대한 메타분석

A Meta-Analysis on the Effects of Music Programs for Young Children’s Development

본 연구는 메타분석을 이용하여 유아음악교육 프로그램의 효과를 분석함으로써 음악교육 프로그램의 개발 및 적용에 대한 기초자료를 제시하는데 목적이 있다.이를 위해 2001년부터 2017년까지 국내에서 발행된 박사논문 및 학술지 논문 46편을 대상으로 효과분석을 실시하였다.본 연구의 결과는 다음과 같다.첫째,음악교육 프로그램이 유아발달에 미치는 전체 효과크기는 1.45로 매우 높게 나타났다.둘째,유아 발달영역에 따른 효과크기는 정서발달,사회성발달,신체발달,창의성발달,언어발달 순으로 나타났다.셋째,유아 음악교육 프로그램 유형에 따른 효과크기는 악기활동,신체표현활동,음악영역 내 통합활동,음악극 활동,음악감상 활동 순으로 나타났다.넷째,조절변인은 실험처치 횟수로 9~16회,17회 이상 보다 8회 이하로 적용했을 때 효과가 가장 큰 것으로 나타났다.

The purpose of this study is to analyze the effects of music programs for young children’s development and provide basic resources to develop music programs and applications for young children. The data for the analysis were 46 journals including published doctoral dissertations and KCI journals from 2001 to 2017. The results were the following. First, the effect size was 1.45, which is statistically significant. Second, the research about social development among music programs was the largest, and the order of effect sizes in decreasing order was emotion development, social development, physical development, creative development, and language development. Third, the research about integration activities in music areas among music programs was the largest,and the order of effect sizes in decreasing order was instrumental activities, physical expression activities, integration in the music area, musical drama activities, and listening activities. Fourth, the effect size of music programs was heterogeneous so the moderate effect was analyzed. The moderate effect was higher when the program was applied under 8 times rather than 9~16, over 17 times. The results provided that music programs had positive effects on young children and provided the basic resources for further research about music programs.