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Control of Ginseng Damping-Off Disease Using Chitinolytic Bacterial Mixtures

An effective bioformulation of mixtures of chitin-degrading bacteria has been used successfully to control plant diseases and nematodes. In this study, the bioformulation approach was assessed to control dampingoff disease of ginseng. In pot experiments with soils infested with dapming-off pathogens of ginseng, rootdrenchings of Chrobacterium sp. C-61, Lysobacterium enzymogenes C-3, and mixture of two bacterial strains grown in chitin minimal medium were signficantly increased emergence of seeds and reduced dampingoff disease incidence of seedlings. Efficacy of the bioformulated product depended on the dose and timing of application. In two-year-old ginseng field, the high control efficacies were achieved by soil drenching of two times with an undiluted product or three times with a 10-fold diluted product. In a To-jik nursery (self soil nursery), biocontrol efficacy of the undiluted product against damping-off disease were similar to that of a seed dressing with fungicide, Tolclofos-methyl WP. These results suggest that the bioformulated product containing Chromobacterium sp. C-61 and L. enzymogenes C-3 could be an effective approach to control of ginseng damping-off disease.