일반가정과 다문화가정의 양육스트레스 비교 연구

A Comparative Study of Parenting Stress between General Families and Multi-cultural Families

본 연구는 일반가정 부모와 다문화가정 부모의 양육스트레스의 차이를 인구사회학적 요인에 근거하여 살펴보았다. 이를 위해 경기 남부지역 어린이집을 이용하는 영·유아의 부모를 대상으로 일반가정 283가정, 다문화가정 235가정을 대상으로 설문조사를 실시한 후 T-test와 이원분산분석을 사용하여 자료를 분석하였다. 그 결과 통계적으로 유의미한 차이가 있었으며, 다문화가정 아버지의 양육스트레스가 대체로 가장 높은 것으로 나타났다. 이러한 결과는 인구사회학적 특성이 양육스트레스에 영향을 미치고 있으며, 특히 다문화가정 부부구성의 특성이 자녀 양육에 있어 아버지의 적극적인 양육참여로 인해 양육스트레스를 더 많이 지각하고 있는 것으로 볼 수 있다. 따라서 다문화가정 부모를 위한 자녀 양육에 대한 교육과 부모교육에 대한 방향성을 제시하고 사회복지의 실천적인 부분으로 다문화가정 아버지에 대한 사회적 지지가 보다 광범위하게 이루어져야 함을 제시하였다.

This study is, for the purpose of evaluating the difference in parenting stress between the general and multicultural household, carried out a survey targeting the general and multicultural parents who use day care centers in southern region of Gyeonggi-do, through convenience sampling method of non-probability sampling method. It is aimed to verify the difference of parenting stress on the basis of the date from general household 283 copies, multicultural household 235 copies, totally 518 copies, subsequently to suggest the desirable way of children s education for the multicultural household, to provide the practical implication of social welfare. The conclusion is as follows. First, according to the analyzed result of the difference of parenting stress between the general and multicultural household, the average of total parenting stress has the significant difference statistically. Multicultural household receive more parenting stress than general household and the father group of multicultural house is under stress most. This result shows the fathers of multicultural household, who take part in parenting actively, feel more stress relatively. Second, the analysis of the difference of the parenting stress according to the sociodemographic characteristics of general and multicultural households, namely, number of children, child age, parents age, dual-income status, monthly family income, show that, in the case of 3 children, the mother s parenting stress of general household is the highest. And in all other items excepting this, for example, 1 chid, 2 children, child age, parents age, dual-income status, monthly family income, the multicultural parents stress is higher than general parents Third, as the result of two-way analysis of variance on the parenting stress difference between the general families and the multi-cultural families, it was found that the difference of father s parenting stress was mainly effective on the family type, the number of children, and the father s age, and interactively effected with the family type * number of children. The difference of mother s parenting stress was mainly effective on the family type, the number of children, the children s ages, the double-income family and the montlhy average family income, and interactively effected with the family type * number of children, and the family type * double-income family. The above analyzed results imply that general sociodemographic characteristics influence on the parent stress, and the family type has more influence on the parent stress. Therefore, from the results it can be known that the directions for child-parenting education and parent education for multi-cultural families should be suggested and such direction should be approached to the social welfare s practical aspects, and especially, the social support for fathers of multi-cultural families should be done more comprehensively.