화상환자가 지각한 사회적 지지와 신체상 및 자아존중감의 관계

The Relationship between Body Image with self Esteem and Social Support Perceived by burn Patients

The goal of this study was to explore the relationship between body image with self-esteem and social support perceived by burn patients. The descriptive survey study was used in 50 patients with the 3rd degree burn. The study was carried out at Chonnam University Hospital in Kwangju, from February to March in 1997. The Measurment tools were body cathexis scale, self-esteem scale and perceived social support scale. To analyze the data t-test, Pearson’s correlation, ANOVA and stepwise multiple regression were used. The results obtained were summarized as follows; 1. The mean score of body image was 152.5 with a score range from 106 to 203 and that of self-esteem was 33.9 with a range from 19 to 43. 2. The mean score of perceived social support was 80.1 with a range from 64 to 123. The major source of social support was mother and the major types of support were evalutional and emotional. 3. The hypothesis that the higher the social support perceived by the burn patients, the higher the body image degree was supported (r=.3344. p=.0176). 4. The hypothesis that the higher the social support perceived by the burn patients, the higher the self-esteem degree was supported (r=.3984, p=.0052). 5. The body image was significiantly affected by the number of admission experience (t=2.53, p=.02) 6. The self esteem degree was significiantly affected by the time elapsed after the burn isult(F=3.36, p=.03) and the number of skin graft (F=2.11 , p=.04). 7. By using stepwise mulitiple regression analysis, it was determined that main influencing factor on the body image was social support (11.18%) and those on the self-esteem were social support (15.16%) and time elapsed after the insult of burn (7.89%). It is concluded that social support in nursing care to burn patients may be effective in establishing positive self-esteem and body image of the patients.