박물관교육 연구에서 바라본 문화적 역량

Cultural Competencies in Museum Education Studies

박물관은 문화적 기억을 전승하는 공공성을 띈 교육공간이다. 따라서 박물관은 전달과 소통의 공론장을 형성하며 시민들에게 문화적 역량을 전유해야할 미션을 가지고 있다. 박물관의 핵심역량은 수집ㆍ보존의 책무성, 연구의 책무성, 전시ㆍ해석의 책무성, 전달ㆍ교육의 책무성의 네가지로 요약될 수 있다. 이러한 핵심과업을 가진 박물관을 통해서 전유되는 특유의 문화적 역량에는 관찰ㆍ인식역량, 이해ㆍ해석역량, 전시ㆍ재현역량, 공론화ㆍ담론역량이 있다. 박물관에서 전유되어야 할 문화적 역량은 박물관의 설립목적과 연관되며, 박물관이 가지는 성격을 고려할 때 가능하다. 해ㆍ해석역량, 전시ㆍ재현역량, 공론화ㆍ담론역량이 있다. 박물관에서 전유되어야 할 문화적 역량은 박물관의 설립목적과 연관되며, 박물관이 가지는 성격을 고려할 때 가능하다.

Museum is the educational space with the public interest which transmits cultural memories from generation to generation. For this, it provides lots of opportunities for the citizens to understand such cultural memories of the past and the present through various objet d arts. Hence, it has a mission to appropriate cultural competencies for the citizens by establishing the arena of public opinion to transmit and to understand. Planning to understand cultural memories in public is to foster specific competencies among the citizens. For matters related to establishing and organizing the museum and to making programs, however, it lacks discussions on carrying out educational missions after considering cultural competencies and its constituent in particular. Key tasks that the museum should carry out are as follows: What kind of cultural competencies need to be raised for students and citizens in accordance with the characteristics of a particular museum? How exhibition and management of the museum needs to be organized to promote such cultural competencies? Key competencies of the museum can be summarized as duty to collect and preserve, duty to study, duty to exhibit and interpret, and duty to deliver and educate. Specific cultural competencies that are appropriated through the museum include competency of observation and recognition, competency of understanding and interpretation, competency of exhibition and reproduction, and competency of public opinion and discussion. Cultural competencies that need to be appropriated at the museum are linked with the goals of establishing the museum, which is achieved through considering the characteristics of the museum.