사회적 비교와 주관적 행복의 상호작용이 직장인의 여가의도에 미치는 효과

The Effect of Interaction between Subjective Happiness and Tendency to Social Comparison on the Leisure Intention of Workers

본 연구는 직장인의 주관적 행복 수준이 동료의 성취나 인사평가와 사회적으로 비교하려는 성향과 상호작용함으로써 여가의도에 미치는 효과를 확인하고자 이루어졌다. 이를 위해 주관적 행복 척도(Subjective happiness scale)를 사용하여 직장인들의 행복을 측정한 후, 평균보다 높은 직장인은 행복 수준이 높은 집단으로, 평균보다 낮은 집단은 행복 수준이 낮은 집단으로 분류한 후, 두 가지 실험을 진행하였다. 실험 1은 동료보다 과업을 많이 성취한 상황과 적게 성취한 상황을 참가자간으로 제시한 후, 여가의도를 측정하였다. 실험 2는 인사평가 점수가 높은 상황, 인사평가 점수가 높은데 동료는 더 높은 상황, 인사평가 점수가 낮은 상황, 인사평가 점수가 낮은데 동료는 더 낮은 상황을 참가자간으로 제시한 후, 여가의도를 측정하였다. 결과적으로 주관적 행복 수준이 낮은 집단은 동료의 성취가 자신보다 적을 때만 여가의도가 강한 반면, 주관적 행복 수준이 높은 집단은 주관적 행복 수준이 낮은 집단보다 전반적으로 여가의도가 강했다(실험 1). 또한 주관적 행복 수준이 높은 집단은 인사평가 점수가 높을 때가 낮을 때보다 여가 의도가 강해지고, 동료의 점수에는 영향을 받지 않은 반면, 주관적 행복 수준이 낮은 집단은 자신의 인사평가 점수가 높지만 동료가 더 높을 때는 여가의도가 약해지고, 자신의 인사평가가 점수가 낮지만 동료가 더 낮을 때는 여가의도가 강해졌다(실험 2). 이는 주관적 행복 수준과 사회적 비교가 상호작용하여 여가의도에 영향을 미침을 보여준다. 본 연구는 일-삶 균형, 이직의도, 직무만족에 시사점을 줄 수 있다.

This study aimed to investigate the effects of the interaction between the subjective happiness level and tendency to compare with the achievement or personnel evaluation of colleagues on the leisure intention of workers. The happiness of workers was measured using the subjective happiness scale, and then two experiments were conducted by classifying the workers with scores higher than the average into the high happiness group and those with scores lower than the average into the low happiness group. Experiment 1 measured the leisure intention after the participants were presented with situations where they accomplished more or less than their colleagues. Experiment 2 measured the leisure intention after presenting the participants with situations where: their personnel evaluation score was high, their personnel evaluation score was high but their colleague’s was higher, their personnel evaluation score was low, and their personnel evaluation score was low but their colleague’s was lower. Results revealed that the low happiness group had a high leisure intention only when they accomplished more than their colleagues did, while the high happiness group had a higher leisure intention in general than the low happiness group did (Experiment 1). Furthermore, the high happiness group had a higher leisure intention when they had a high personnel evaluation score than when they had a low personnel evaluation score, and their leisure intention was not influenced by the score of a colleague. However, the leisure intention of the low happiness group was weakened when they had a high personnel evaluation score but a colleague had a higher score. Their leisure intention was strengthened when they had a low personnel evaluation score but a colleague had a lower score (Experiment 2). This shows that the interaction between subjective happiness and tendency to compare influences leisure intention. The results of this study have implications for work-life balance, turnover intention, and job satisfaction.