체험중심 진로교육프로그램이 초등학생의 진로인식에 미치는 효과

The Effect of the Experience-based Career Program for Elementary School Students on Career Awareness

이 연구는 창의적 체험활동 시간이나 토요 휴업일에 적용 가능한 초등학교 4학년 수준에 맞는 체험중심 진로교육프로그램을 개발하고, 개발한 프로그램이 초등학생의 진로인식에 미치는 효과를 검증하고자 수행하였다. 연구의 목적을 달성하기 위해 자기이해, 일과 직업세계 이해, 진로의사결정 및 진로계획과 같은 3개의 대영역 내용으로 구성된 12회기(28차시) 분량의 체험중심 진로교육프로그램인 ‘드리미의 여행’을 개발하였다. 이후 S시 Y초등학교 4학년 2개 학급을 실험집단과 통제집단으로 선정하여 사전 진로인식검사를 실시한 후 실험집단에는 드리미의 여행 프로그램을 적용한 다음, 사후 진로인식 사전검사를 실시하였다. 진로인식 검사지는 한국고용정보원의 진로교육센터에서 개발한 검사도구를 이윤정(2010)이 수정·보완한 것을 사용하였다. 이 연구를 통하여 밝혀진 결과는 다음과 같다. 초등학교 4학년 수준의 체험중심 진로교육프로그램 <드리미의 여행>은 진로인식 향상에 유의미한 효과가 있는 것으로 나타났다. 진로인식 각 하위영역별로는 자기이해(t=2.07, p=.0259, *p<0.05), 직업세계인식(t=4.00, p=.0004, ***p<0.001), 진로태도(t=2.83, p=.0052, **p<0.01) 영역 모두 유의미한 차이가 있는 것으로 나타났다.

This study was conducted to develop career education programs which can be applied to creative activities hours or weekend at Saturday and Sunday and is suitable for the level of 4th grade students. In order to verify the effect of developed program to the career awareness of elementary students, following study subjects were set. Experience-based career program, Dreamy travel , which was developed in this study was developed again as 12 sessions (28 times) in order to achieve the objectives of this study. 2 classes of 4th grade students in Y elementary school which is located at Seoul were selected as experimental group and control group. After conducting career awareness pre-tests of experimental group and control group, experience-based career eprogram, were conducted in experiment group. After program treatments, post-tests were conducted both to experimental and control group. In order to validate the hypothesis of the study, independent sample t test was conducted to identify the homogeneity of experimental group and control group, and dependent sample t test was conducted for the pre-post test results in two groups. Results of this study are as follows: Dreamy travel which is a Experience-based career program of 4th grade elementary school student level showed a significant effect on career awareness. Regarding the subcategories of career awareness, all categories showed significant differences in Self-understanding (t=2.07, p=.0259, *p<0.05), awareness of occupational world (t=4.00, p=.0004, and ***p<0.001) and career attitudes (t=2.83, p=.0052 , **p<0.01). Suggestions for further research through this study are as follows: First, further studies to develop experience-based career education programs which are targeting various ages of elementary school students should be provided. Second, if the research period will be planned longer and the programs are applied, better study results could be obtained. Third, in order that experience-based career education program could be conducted more systematically and actively, further studies are required to link various human and material resources of regional communities and to develop the programs which enable and apply various direct career experiences.