기술·가정과 ‘기술과 발명’단원에서 문제기반학습이 기술적 문제해결능력 함양에 미치는 효과

The Effects of Problem-Based Learning on Technological Problem Solving Ability in the Unit of Technology and Invention in the subject of Technology-Home Economics.

이 연구의 목적은 기술ㆍ가정과 ‘기술과 발명’단원에서 문제기반학습이 학생들의 기술적 문제해결능력 함양에 미치는 효과를 알아보는데 있다. 이를 위해 대구광역시 소재 K중학교 1학년 2개 학급 각 36명을 실험집단과 통제집단으로 나누어 실험을 실시하였고, 유의수준 .10에서 t-검정을 실시하여 효과를 검증하였다. 연구결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 문제기반학습이 전통적 실습법에 비해 학생들의 기술적 문제해결능력 함양에 효과적이라고 할 수 없다. 둘째, 기술적 문제해결능력의 하위 구성요소에 대한 비교에서 문제기반학습이 전통적 실습법에 비해 ‘문제의 이해능력’과 ‘아이디어의 탐색과 개발능력’ 함양에 효과적이라 할 수 있다. 셋째, 학업성취수준이 ‘중위’인 그룹에서 문제기반학습이 전통적 실습법에 비해 기술적 문제해결능력 함양에 효과적이라 할 수 있다. 넷째, 학업성취수준이 ‘중위’인 그룹에서 문제기반학습이 전통적 실습법에 비해 ‘문제의 이해능력’과 ‘아이디어의 탐색과 개발능력’ 함양에 효과적이며, 학업성취수준이 ‘하위’인 그룹에서 ‘문제의 이해능력’함양에 효과적이라 할 수 있다.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of problem-based learning on technological problem solving ability in the unit of ‘Technology and Invention’ from Technology-Home Economics subject. In order to verify the hypothesis, the study selected the subjects of 36 students for experiment group and control group out of 2 classes from the 1st-grade students from K junior high School located in Daegu. For the statistical treatment of data, a Window SPSS 12.0 program was used. The statistical technique used for data analysis was t-test and significance level of .10 was established prior to data treatment. The results of this study were as follows: First, problem-based learning was not effective on fostering students’ technological problem solving ability according to instructional methods. Second, problem-based learning was effective on fostering students’ ability of understanding a problem, exploring & developing ideas according to sub-components of technological problem solving ability. Third, problem-based learning was effective on fostering middle-level students’ technological problem solving ability according to the level of academic achievement. Fourth, problem-based learning was effective on fostering middle-level students’ ability of understanding a problem, exploring & developing ideas and low-level students’ ability of understanding a problem according to sub-components of technological problem solving ability on the level of academic achievement.