알코올 의존 환자의 수면 장애와 하지불안증후군

Sleep Disorders and Restless Legs Syndrome in Alcohol Dependence Patients

1) 알코올 의존 환자에서 불면은 68.6%의 환자들이 호소하고 있는 중요한 치료적 목표 중 하나이다. 2) 알코올 의존 환자에서의 불면과 관련된 중요한 원인은 RLS(38.4%)와 이와 흔히 동반되는 PLMD(34.9%)였다. 3) 지속되는 RLS 증상은 환자의 수면의 질적 저하를 가져오며, 불안과 같은 정서에 부정적인 결과를 가져온다. 이에 알코올 의존 환자에서 수면관련 장애들에 대한 진단적 고려와 적극적인 치료적인 접근이 반드시 필요하다.

Objectives: We review the sleep problems of the alcohol dependence patients. Especially we are interested in the prevalence, the severity of symptoms, anxiety, depression, and sleep quality of restless legs syndrome (RLS) in the alcohol dependence patients. Methods: We recruit 86 alcohol dependence patients who were admitted from October 6th, 2008 to October 17th, 2008. We interviewed each patient and evaluated sleep questionnaires such as the Sleep Disorder Questionnaire (SDQ), the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) and the International Restless Legs Syndrome Study Group (IRLSSG) rating scale. The presence of RLS and its severity were assessed using the IRLSSG diagnostic criteria and the IRLSSG severity scale, respectively. Depression and anxiety were evaluated by the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) and the Beck anxiety inventory (BAI). Results: Of all 86 patients, 59 patients have insomnia, 33 patients have RLS, 30 patients have Periodic limb movement disorder (PLMD), 29 patients have nightmare. RLS patients have more high score in the BAI (21.70±10.36 vs 14.67±11.98), and their sleep quality was poor in the PSQI (11.09±4.08 vs 7.92±3.91) than non-RLS patients. Conclusion: This study shows that alcohol dependence patients show many sleep problems such as insomnia and RLS. So we should notice that the sleep problems of alcohol dependence patients are important in clinical approach and treatment.