The Signaling Pathway and Related Proteins for the Clearance of Apoptotic Cell

The clearance of apoptotic cells by engulfment, which is performed by phagocytes, is a very important process to maintain life because the fail니re of the clearance of apoptotic cells is linked to diseases such as autoimmunity and immune tolerance. For clearance, the apoptotic cell is known to change to project ‘eat-me’ signal like Ptdser (phosphatidylserine) on the outer leaflet of the plasma membrane. Then, the phagocyte recognizes the signal via its receptors and subsequently reorganizes its actin cytoskeleton through signaling pathway involved in the clearance of apoptotic cells. The ‘eat-me’ signal of apoptotic cell by phagocyte, Ptdser is recognized by receptors such as B a il, Tim-4, and Stabilin-2. The Bail recruits ELM이 -Dock180 complex, and activated Rac1 by Dock180 reorganizes actin cytoskeleton through interaction with its effector for the clearance of apoptotic cells. Therefore, this review focuses on understanding about the cell니lar process of engulfment for clearance of apoptotic cells and the role of engulfment-related receptors and signal molecules.