학생의 학업성취도에 영향을 미치는 요인들은 다양하다. 학생의 인지적·정의적 특성은 물론이고 학생이 학습에 투자한 시간의 양도 학업성취도에 영향을 미친다. 본 연구는 OECD의 조사에서 나타난 회원국 학생들의 교과별 학습시간 투자량을 분석함으로써 상대적 학습 효율성 지수를 비교하는 데 초점을 두고 있다. 이를 위해 읽기, 수학 및 과학 교과별로 `학교 정규 수업 시간`, `방과 후 수업 시간`, `혼자 공부하는 시간` 등의 세 유형으로 나누어 학습시간량과 학업성취도의 연관성을 조사하였다. 그 결과 한국이 비교 국가들 중에서 3개 교과 모두에 걸쳐 가장 많은 시간을 학습에 소비하는 것으로 나타났다. 이는 곧 학습효율성 지수가 상대적으로 낮다는 것을 의미한다. 그러므로 향후 한국교육은 학생들의 학습 시간만 늘리기 보다는 수업 방법을 혁신하고 학생의 자기 주도적 학습 능력을 길러 학습의 효율성을 제고하는 노력을 지속해 가야 할 것이다.
The purpose of this study is to identify the amount of learning time which students spend and it`s relation to student`s academic achievement in OECD countries. For this, this study raised two research questions as followed; 1) What are differences in amount of learning time students spent in each subject between Korea and other OECD countries? 2) What is the relationship between the amount of learning time and academic achievement? This study used PISA 2006 analysis, a data book, and an online interactive data-selective analyzer from OECD website to collect the basic information such as amount of learning time and academic achievement. Looking into the data on the learning time by subject and students` academic achievement, Korean students invested more learning time than any other countries in all subjects such as science, mathematics, and reading. Especially, the amount of out-of- school-time lesson was the most high in Korea. On the other hand, the amount of independent study time such as doing homework was relatively lower than any other types of learning time. Based on the results of the index of learning efficiency(the ratio of academic achievement and leaning time), it was evident that Korean students spent too much time in learning regardless of learning subjects and types of learning time. Especially in the type of independent learning time, Korean students spent less learning time than students from any other countries. This implies that Korean students usually have more time studying dependently on the school teachers or the instructors at private academies, rather than studying independently. Therefore, Korean education should emphasize the importance of education reform to make students develope their own independent study skills and encourage teachers apply a variety of teaching strategies to be effective in learning.