본 연구는 직업세계에서 요구하는 인력의 지식, 능력, 태도에 대한 정확한 분석을 통하여 우리나라 공학교육에 대한 정책 방안을 모색하게 위하여 기획되었다. 연구 대상은 반도체, 휴대폰, 전자의료기기 제조업을 중심으로 한 전자산업이다. 본 연구에서 직업연구의 현장성을 높이기 위하여 사용한 핵심적 연구 방법은 심층 인터뷰이다. 연구진은 집중적인 분석대상인 20개 핵심직업을 대상으로 반구조화된 인터뷰지를 가지고 직접 현장직업인을 인터뷰하였다. 인터뷰 대상자는 반도체 제조업, 휴대폰 제조업, 전자의료기기 제조업 등 3개 업종의 20개 핵심직업 종사자 174명이다. 이 인터뷰를 통하여 직무내용, 작업 조건 등의 직업에 관한 일반적인 사항, 승진, 이직 등 직업이동에 관한 사항, 직무수행에 요구되는 지식, 능력, 태도, 교육훈련과 자격의 현황과 문제점, 공학교육의 대안 등에 관한 현직자들의 의견을 들을 수 있었다. 전자산업의 주요 직업 현직자들은 직업세계에서 요구하는 컨피턴시와 대학에서 배운 교육 내용사이에 적지 않은 간극이 존재한다고 인식하고 있었다. 반도체 분야의 경우 반도체장비엔지니어, 반도체소자개발연구원, 반도체제조엔지니어 등이 특히 많은 간극이 존재하는 것으로 나타난다. 연구 결과, 전자산업의 현직자들이 대학에서 배운 교육 내용과 전자 산업 사업체에서 요구하는 지식이나 스킬 사이에는 큰 간극이 존재하였다. 이에 대한 대안으로 맞춤형 교육과정 도입, 전공 융합형 교육 실시, 전공 트랙제 도입, 인턴십 프로그램의 확대 운영, 장미 및 시설의 공동 이용 등이 이루어져야 한다.
Currently, there is a large gap between materials studied through educational training and the knowledge and skills demanded in the working world. The first step towards narrowing this gap between educational training and industry is a detailed analysis of the requirements of industry. In consideration of this problem, this thesis is designed in order to trace the realities of the corporate world, while maintaining a close networking arrangement with industrial settings, to understand what the occupational capabilities that are required of core professionals are, and what kind of educational training and qualifications are needed to support them. In-depth interviews, field observations, work responsibilities analysis, and surveys were employed as the primary methods of studying the occupational requirements of the electronics industry. Conducting in-depth interviews is a key method for understanding trends in the industry, and the actual conditions of job duties from SMEs (Subject Matter Experts), including human resources managers, factory managers, foremen, master mechanics, incumbents of core occupations, and personnel from related institutions within the industry. Both structured and non-structured questions were used together in the in-depth interviews It has been demonstrated that while theoretical knowledge related to the major fields is an important factor for successfully conducting job tasks related to semiconductor manufacturing, practical knowledge is much more important. This fact reflects the characteristics of equipment industries where, due to rapid technological developments, knowledge, skills, and know-how learned through practical work experience become more significant that other factors, and where being able to effectively handle equipment and instruments is extremely important. In relation to cell phone manufacturing, the degree of the gap between university education in a major and the actual work carried out was examined. Cell phone designers, product planners, and mobile handset design engineers scored higher than average for the 20 occupations that were studied. In the case of cell phone designers, opinions such as the teaching tends to focus too much on design and therefore, the work process and tools used all have to be learned in the workplace were commonly expressed. Higher standards were usually required of practical knowledge of majors than in theoretical knowledge of majors, especially for electronic medical equipment planners and electronic medical equipment SW design researchers. Electronic medical equipment SW design researchers responded that, even if designed according to theory, without experience-obtained knowledge of issues such as positioning or distance between lines, desired results were often not achieved. They also suggested that when designing such circuits, practical knowledge in their major fields was useful.
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