대학생의 진로장벽과 진로준비행동간의 관계에서 진로결정자기효능감과 진로태도성숙의 효과분석

Effect Analysis of Career Decision-Making Self-Efficacy and Career Attitude Maturity in the Relationship between Career Barriers and Career Preparation Behavior

이 연구에서는 대학생의 진로장벽과 진로준비행동 간의 관계에서 진로결정자기효능감과 진로태도성숙이 미치는 영향을 알아보고자 하였다. 이러한 목적을 달성하기 위해 본 연구에서 설정된 연구문제는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 진로장벽과 진로준비행동과의 관계에서 진로결정자기효능감과 진로태도성숙은 매개효과를 가지는가? 둘째, 진로장벽의 하위요인별로 진로준비행동에 미치는 영향은 차이가 있는가? 셋째, 진로장벽은 성별에 따라 진로준비행동에 미치는 영향의 차이가 있는가? 이를 분석하기 위해 대전 소재 4년제 대학의 대학생을 대상으로 설문조사를 실시하였으며 224명의 데이터를 수집하여 SPSS 및 AMOS로 검증을 실시하였다. 그 주요결과는 다음과 같다. 우선, 진로장벽과 진로준비행동간의 관계에서 진로결정자기효능감과 진로태도성숙의 매개효과가 있다는 결과가 나타났다. 진로장벽을 높게 지각하는 학생들은 진로결정자기효능감과 진로태도성숙도가 떨어지고 이러한 요인들이 진로준비행동을 낮추게 된다. 또한, 진로결정자기효능감과 진로태도성숙도가 높은 학생들은 진로준비행동을 잘할 수 있는 것으로 나타났다. 반면, 진로장벽 인식이 진로준비행동에 미치는 영향력과 진로장벽이 진로태도성숙을 매개로 진로준비행동에 끼치는 영향력은 성별에 따라 차이가 있었다. 남학생은 자기명확성 부족과 직업정보가 부족하다고 느낄 때, 여학생은 대인관계에 어려움을 느끼거나 직업에 대해 흥미가 부족하다고 느낄 때 진로준비행동을 덜하게 된다는 결과가 나타났으며, 남학생에게 진로장벽과 진로준비행동의 관계에서 진로태도성숙의 매개효과가 더 크게 나타났다. 이는 진로장벽이 진로준비행동을 하는데 항상 방해요인으로만 작용하는 것이 아니라는 것을 의미하며 대학생의 진로상담에 있어서 진로준비행동을 증진시키기 위해서는 남녀에 따라 진로장벽요인을 개별적으로 고려할 필요가 있다.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of career decision-making self-efficacy and career attitude maturity on the relationship between career barriers and the career preparation behavior of college students. The research questions set in this study to achieve this goal are as follows. First, do career decision-making self-efficacy and career attitude maturity have a mediating effect with regard to the relationship between career barrier and career preparation behavior? Second, is there a difference in the impact on career preparation behavior for each sub-factor of the career barrier? Third, is there a difference in the effect of career barriers on career preparation behavior by gender? To answer these questions, a questionnaire was given to college students at a four-year university located in Daejeon, Korea and 224 data were collected and verified by SPSS and AMOS. The main results are as follows. First, it was found that there was a mediating effect of career decision-making self-efficacy and career attitude maturity in the relationship between career barriers and career preparation behavior. Students who perceive career barriers as high have a low degree of self-efficacy in career decision making and career maturity, and these factors lower their career preparation behavior. In addition, students with high career decision-making self-efficacy and career attitude maturity were found to be good at career preparation. On the other hand, the influence of career barrier recognition on career preparation behavior and the influence of career barriers on career preparation behavior through the mediation of career attitude maturity differed by gender. When male students feel lack of self-determination and a lack of job information, female college students experience difficulties in interpersonal relations or a lack of interest in the job, they engage in less career preparation. In addition, the mediating effect of career attitude maturity was greater in the relationship between career barrier and career preparation behavior for male students. This means that career barriers do not always act as a hindrance to career preparation behavior. In order to promote career preparation behavior during career counseling for college students, it is necessary to consider career barrier factors individually for male and female.