존 듀이의 『경험으로서의 예술』에 나타난 반즈의 예술교육 사상

A study of Art Education of A. C. Barnes on John Dewey s Art as Experience

이 연구는 교육학자로 알려진 듀이의 저서『경험으로서의 예술』이 예술론으로 자리 잡게 된 바탕을 탐색하는 과정에서 그의 예술교육사상에 대한 폭넓은 이해가 필요함을 모색하고, 듀이의 예술론에 깊이 영향을 미친 반즈에 대하여 살펴보았다. 듀이와반즈의 저서, 편지 그리고 반즈 재단에서 발행한 저술들을 중심으로 이들이 직접 언급한 내용들에 근거하여 반즈가 듀이에게 미친 예술교육사상을 논의하였다. 이와 관련한구체적인 문헌의 제시로 듀이의 예술교육사상의 형성배경으로 반즈의 역할이 컸음을알 수 있었다. 또한 예술교육이 융합인재교육으로 나아가는 경향을 볼 때 듀이의 경험중심 예술교육은 미래의 예술교육 차원에서 재평가 되어야 하고 그동안 듀이의 예술교육사상에 지대한 영향을 미친 반즈의 역할에 대해서도 재평가 되어야 함을 제기하였다. 그리고 현재 초등미술교육과정에서 중요시되는 ‘체험’교육이 듀이가 주장했던 ‘경험’개념의 맥락으로 해석할 수 있음을 고찰하여 후속연구에 대한 논의의 쟁점으로 부각시키고자 한다.

I examined the career and achievements of A. C. Barnes whose art educational idea had a decisive effect on Dewey, by investigating Dewey s educational activities through the Barnes Foundation. Considering Dewey had practical training of his educational theories focused on the later works and correspondence of Dewey and Barnes published by Barnes Foundation,there is no doubt that Barnes had laid foundation on dewey s arts educational concept. Barnes had an enormous impact on shaping his ideas. He became interested in art through the close relationship with Barnes who discussed about the creative expressions of art works the Barnes Foundation possessed with Dewey in order to resonate the artist s immediate and sensorial experience. As a result, Dewey s concepts of “transferred value,” “continuity,” and “integration” were firmly consolidated, which can be observed in both Barnes s books and Dewey s essays. Barnes s influence is also found in Dewey s Art as Experience. Since very few studies have been done on these issues in Korea, this dissertation will serve to shed light on Dewey’s thoughts on art education. It would be meaningful in that I laid the groundwork for investigating Dewey s Barnes influenced ideas on art education in Art as Experience. On top of that, when we consider the inclination towards the integration of curriculum education and art at school education, the value of the arts as experience of Dewey and Barn s influence must be re-evaluated. Doing and undergoing education has been valued highly in arts education of elementary curriculum recently. This can be similar concept as experience Dewey insisted. This study has a purpose to raise a point about the view point above theory for next research project.