대학생의 진로적응성과 사회적 지지, 자아존중감 및 자기주도학습의 인과적 관계

The Causal Relationship of Undergraduate Students’ Career Adaptability, Social Support, Self-Esteem and Self-Directed Learning

이 연구의 목적은 대학생의 진로적응성과 사회적 지지, 자아존중감 및 자기주도학습 간의 인과적 관계를 구명하는 데 있었다. 연구의 모집단은 전국 4년제 일반대학교에 재학 중인 학생으로, 총 560명을 대상으로 우편조사 및 온라인 조사를 통해 실시하였다. 변인간의 관계를 분석하기 위하여 구조방정식 모형을 이용하여 분석하였으며, 총 430부의 유효 자료를 분석하였다. 연구 결과, 진로적응성, 사회적지지, 자아존중감, 자기주도학습 간의 가설적 구조모형의 적합도가 모두 양호한 것으로 나타났다. 둘째, 가설적 구조모형의 경로계수는 진로적응성, 사회적 지지, 자아존중감, 자기주도학습 모두 통계적으로 유의한 것으로 나타났다. 셋째, 사회적 지지와 진로적응성의 관계에서 자아존중감과, 자기주도학습의 매개효과가 검증되었으며, 자아존중감과 진로적응성의 관계에서 자기주도학습의 매개효과가 검증되었다. 이러한 연구 결과는 대학생의 진로적응성의 수준을 향상시키기 위해서는 사회적 지지와 함께 자아존중감을 통한 동기부여와 자기주도학습능력의 개발의 필요성과, 대학교육에 있어 자기주도학습과 진로개발의 연결고리를 통한 대학생의 장기적인 진로성공 계획의 필요성을 시사한다.

The purpose of this study was to identify a causal relationship among career adaptability, social support, self-esteem, self-directed learning of undergraduates. The population of this study was students attending four-year colleges. A survey questionnaire was conducted to measure variables of this study. It was consisted of career adaptability, social support, self-esteem, self-directed learning and demographic items. In this study, existing scales were used and modified to measure career adaptability, social support, self-esteem, self-directed learning. The data were collected by mail and e-mail. A total of 485 out of 560 questionnaires were returned, of which 430 were used for analysis after data cleaning. Both descriptive and inferential statistics were employed for data analysis. To identify the demographic characteristics of subjects and the overall level of the four variables, descriptive statistics including frequency, percentage, mean and standard error were conducted. Also, to estimate the parameters of the proposed research model, covariance structure analysis (structural equation modeling) were used. All data analysis was accomplished using the PASW Statistics 18.0 and AMOS 18.0. An alpha level of 5% was established for determining significance. Based on the finding of the study, major conclusions of this study were as follows: First, the results of hypothetical model analysis were suitable to empirical analysis on research variables and the prediction of causal relationships between the independent variables and the dependent variable was valid. Second, social support of undergraduates had a direct effect on career adaptability and an indirect effect on career adaptability with the mediation effect of self-esteem, self-directed learning. Third, self-esteem of undergraduates had a direct effect on career adaptability and an indirect effect with the mediation effect of self-directed learning. Fourth, self-directed learning of undergraduates had a direct effect on career adaptability.