특성화고등학교 학생의 진로결정수준, 진로스트레스 및 문제해결력에 관한 구조방정식 모형

A Structural Equation Modeling on Career Decision Status, Career Stress, and Problem Solving Ability of Vocational High School Students

이 연구는 우리나라 특성화고등학교 학생을 대상으로 진로스트레스와 문제해결력이 진로결정수준에 끼치는 과정을 구명하는데 목적이 있다. 이 연구의 모집단은 우리나라 특성화고등학교 1, 2, 3학년 480,826명이었으며, 유층화 군집과 유층화 비율표집을 활용하여 총 1,188명을 표본 집단으로 선정하였다. 자료 수집을 위한 조사도구로는 질문지가 사용되었으며, 질문지는 진로스트레스, 문제해결력, 진로결정수준, 일반적 특성으로 구성되었다. 분석에는 불성실응답자를 제외한 12개 특성화고등학교 학생 1,039명(남 557명, 여 467명)의 자료가 사용되고, 구조방정식모형(structural equation modeling)을 이용하여 분석하였다. 이 연구를 통해 얻어진 결론은 다음과 같이 요약될 수 있다. 첫째, 특성화고등학교 학생들의 진로결정수준은 진로스트레스와 문제해결력에 직접적인 영향을 받고, 진로스트레스가 문제해결력을 매개하여 진로결정수준에 영향을 줄 것이라는 인과모형에 대한 적합도는 기준치를 다소 벗어나 수정이 필요한 것으로 나타났다. 이에 진로스트레스의 관찰변인 중 외부갈등과 내부갈등의 측정오차 간에 상관된 측정오차를 가정한 수정모형을 최종모형으로 선정하였다. 둘째, 특성화고등학교 학생들의 진로결정수준에 대하여 진로스트레스는 부적으로, 문제해결력은 정적으로 유의미한 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 셋째, 특성화 고등학생의 진로스트레스는 문제해결력을 부분 매개하여 진로결정수준에 영향을 주는 것으로 나타났다.

The purpose of this study was to investigate inter-relationships among career decision status, career stress and problem-solving abilities of vocational high-school students. The specific objective was to analyze the research model which corresponds with empirical data; to analyze the effect of career stress and problem-solving abilities on career decision status. The population of this study was vocational high-school students. A total of 1,039(male 557, female 467) data of vocational high-school students were used for analysis. The survey instrument was used in the research for the data collection. The survey instrument consisted of career stress inventory, problem-solving inventory, career decision status, and demographic items. Structural equation modeling was employed to examine the relationships. And all data analysis was accomplished using the SPSS 18.0-Win statistics packages and AMOS 18.0 version. An alpha level of 5% was established prior for determining significance. The findings of the study were as follows: First, the fit index of research model among career stress, problem solving abilities, and career decision status were identified unsuitable. Thus, correction model was chose as optimal model. Second, career stress is effect in the negative to career decision status, but and problem solving ability is effect in the positive to career decision status. Third, there was mediating effect of problem solving ability between career stress and career decision status. Based on the findings of the study, some recommendations for future researches were suggested: First, further research needs to investigate other career stressor that vocational high school students could feel. Second, the research model should be investigated in various groups to figure out that the research model could be adopted on whole high school students, and to examine if there is the deviation between general and vocational high school students. Third, through literature review and theoretical study, model should be amplified to be more comprehensive model that broad and plentiful information about career decision status of adolescent.