레지오와 발도르프 유아교육 비교

A comparative study on the early childhood education of the reggio emilia approach and waldof education : focusing on implications for educational innovation

본 연구는 레지오(Reggio Emilia)와 발도르프(Waldorf) 유아교육이 지닌 교육 혁신적 특성과 시사점을 탐색하는 것을 목적으로 한다. 연구방법은 관련 문헌을 분석하는 문헌연구를 사용하여, 레지오와 발도르프 유아교육이 갖는 교육 혁신적 시사점을 탐색하였다. 연구결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 두 유아교육은 모두 유아 존재를 유아교육의 출발점이자 목적으로 강조한다. 둘째, 두 유아교육은 이성 중심 주체, 완비된 실체로서 개별 주체라는 근대적 주체 개념 대신, 대안적 주체로서의 유아관을 보여줌으로써, 근대교육의 한계를 극복할 가능성을 시사한다. 셋째, 두 유아교육은 지식의 전달과 수용이 아닌 새로움의 창발을 강조하면서 창의적 교육을 지향한다. 넷째, 두 유아교육은 교사-유아 간 관계의 중요성과 교사의 지속적인 성장의 중요성을 강조한다. 마지막으로 레지오와 발도르프 유아교육은 모두 교육(학)에서의 이론과 실천의 이분법이라는 오래된 난제를 극복할 가능성을 보여준다.

The purpose of this study was to explore the educational innovative characteristics and implications of early childhood education in Reggio Emilia approach and Waldorf education. In particular, the reason for paying attention to both educations was that both of the two suggested the possibility of overcoming the limitations of modern education. The research method was a literature review to analyze the related literatures. The research results were as follows. First, both of the two early childhood educational approach emphasized the children themselves as the starting point and purpose of education. This is in line with the ‘child-centered innovation plan advocated in the「2019 National Nuri curriculum」. Second, the two education suggested the possibility of overcoming the limitations of modern education by showing child as an alternative subject. Reggio Emilia approach regarded child as a changeable subject which is open to a continuous mutual process with meaningful others, and Waldorf education considered a child as a integrated existence of body, soul, and spirit. Third, the two education aimed for creative education, emphasizing the emergence of novelty, not the transfer and acceptance of knowledge. Fourth, the two education emphasized the importance of the relationship between teacher and child and the importance of continuous growth of teachers. Finally, Reggio and Waldorf early childhood education showed the possibility of overcoming the old difficulty of the dichotomy of theory and practice in education.