대학생이 비대면 학습상황에서 경험하는 학업 어려움 유형 연구

A study on the Types of Academic Difficulties on Non-face-to-face Lectures of University Students

본 연구는 K대학 재학생들이 비대면 학습상황에서 경험하는 어려움을 알아보기 위하여 개인의 인식이나 신념 등 주관성 연구에 적합한 연구방법인 Q방법을 활용하였다. 비대면 교수학습 환경에 관한 문헌 자료, 심층 면담 결과를 토대로 45개의 Q 모집단을 추출한 후, 전문가 집단의 검토를 통해 최종 31개의 Q표본을 도출하였다. 연구대상인 P표본은 K대학의 ‘대학에서의 학습전략’수업을 수강하는 학생들 중, 연구 참여에 동의한 학생 49명으로 구성하였다. 2021년 4월 2주에 걸쳐 Q Sorting을 실시하였으며, PQ Method 2.35를 활용하여 분석하였다. 연구결과는 가장 긍정적인 진술문과 부정적인 진술문, 식별 문항을 근거로 해석하여 비대면 학습상황에서의 학업 어려움을 5가지 유형으로 분류하였다. 제1유형은 과제수행 어려움형, 제2유형은 시험준비 어려움형, 제3유형은 혼자공부 어려움형, 제4유형은 학습참여 어려움형, 제5유형은 상호작용 어려움형으로 명명하였다. 이러한 결과를 토대로 비대면 학습상황에서 학생들이 경험하고 있는 학업에 대한 어려움을 해결할 수 있도록 교과 및 비교과 과정에서 맞춤형 지원방안 마련이 요구된다는 결론을 도출하였다.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the types of academic difficulties on non-face-to-face lectures of students in K university. For this purpose, Q-methodological analysis was used to study subjectivity such as individual perception and belief. Q population was composed of 45 questions based on literature analysis on the academic difficulties, in-depth interview and Q samples were finally composed of 31 statements after expert reviewing. The subjects of this study were 49 students who agreed to participate in the study among lecture in K university. Q sorting was performed for 2 weeks in April 2021, the data were analyzed through the PQ Method 2.35 program. The data analysis based on the most positive, negative statements and identification items. As well as the academic difficulties of non-contact lectures were classified into five types. The first type was named as the ‘difficulty of task performance ’, the second type was the ‘difficulty of prepare exam’, the third type was the ‘difficulty of study alone ’, the fourth type was the ‘difficulty of student engagement’, the fifth type was the ‘difficulty of interaction’. Based on these results, it was concluded that it is necessary to prepare support measures for curricular and extracurricular based on learning problems for students.